IX CCCF Championship 1960 - Match Details

All matches at the Gran Stadium Cerveza Tropical, La Habana, Cuba

MATCH 1

Sunday, February 14, 1960
att: 8,000 
COSTA RICA 1-1 NETHERLAND ANTILLES (HT: 1:1)
  [Rubén Jimenez 3’; Carlos Regales 22’]
 
CRC: Carlos Alvarado, Giovanni Rodríguez, Mario Cordero (José Luis Quesada 35'), Álvaro McDonald, Marvin Rodríguez, 
     Édgar Quesada, Guillermo Valenciano, Rigoberto Rojas, Jorge Monge, Carlos Herrera, Rubén Jiménez.
Coach: Rubén Amorín (URU)
 
ANT: Paul Diaz, Edgar Vos, Jose La Rosa, Nathaniel Andrews, Hubert Janzen, Jose Boye, Carlos Regales, Jose Bibiana, 
     Rudolfo Dirksz, Julio Jansen, Damasio Werleman.
Coach: Ángel Botta (ARG)
 
Referee: Ramiro García (MEX) 
A1: Jose Minsal (CUB) 
A2: Alfredo Penman (HON)

NB: Prime Minister Fidel Castro made the kick-off.

 
MATCH 2

Monday, February 15, 1960 
att: 1,000.
CUBA 0-2 SURINAME (HT: 0:1)
  [August Foe A Man 27’, 79’]

CUB: Julio Blanco, Ramón Álvarez, Ramón Peñalver, Federico García, Juvenal Reyes (Antonio Fernández 46'), Conrado Paz, 
     Bernardo Gascón, Jorge Pérez, Manuel Bobadilla, Ángel Piedra, Zenaldo García. 
Coach: Mario López.

SUR: Johan Hekbert, Ronald Breinburg, Humbert Boerleider, August Wooter, Armand Sahadewsing, Leo Schipper, Leo Marcet, 
     August Foe A Man, Arnold Niekoop, Jules Lagadeau, Harold Chyrill.
Coach: Andre Kamperveen/Rufus Belgrave.

Referee: Alfredo Penman (HON) 
A1: Alfonso Benavides (MEX) 
A2: Felix Fingal (ARU) 

NB: Conrado Paz (CUB) left the match injured at 60’.


MATCH 3  
 
Wednesday, February 17, 1960
COSTA RICA 3-1 SURINAME (HT: 2:1)
  [Rubén Jimenez 16’, Alberto Armijo 39’, Juan José Gamez 74’; August Wooter 44’]
 
CRC: Carlos  Alvarado (Hernán Alvarado 46'), Giovanni Rodríguez, José Luis Quesada, Álvaro McDonald, Marvin Rodríguez, 
     Édgar Quesada, GuillermoValenciano (Juan José Gámez 37'), Alberto Armijo, Juan Ulloa, Carlos Herrera, Rubén Jiménez.
Coach: Rubén Amorín (URU)

SUR: Johan Heckbert (Harry Blijd 40'), Ronald Breinburg, Humbert Boerleider, August Wooter, Armand Sahadewsing 
     (Andre Kamperveen 46’), Leo Schipper, Leo Marcet (Ludwin Beek 40’), August Foe A Man, Arnold Niekoop, Jules Lagadeau, 
     Harold Chyrill.
Coach: Andre Kamperveen/Rufus Belgrave

Sent off: Jules Lagadeau (SUR) 50’, Rubén Jimenez (CRC) 85’

Referee: Ramiro García (MEX) 
A2: Alfredo Penman (HON) 
A2: Felix Fingal (ARU) 


MATCH 4

Friday, February 19, 1960
HONDURAS 3-3 NETHERLAND ANTILLES (HT: 1:2)
  [Reynaldo Zelaya 43’, Ronald Leaky 47’, Roy Padilla 89’; Jose Bibiana 4’, Rudolfo Dirksz 15’, Damasio Werleman 88’]
 
HON: Efraín Salinas, Roy Padilla, Wilfredo García, Jorge Solís, Felipe Barahona, Carlos Castillo, Rodolfo Godoy Ramírez, 
     Reynaldo Zelaya, Ronald Leaky, Melvin Prince, Joe Grant.
Coach: Carlos Padilla

ANT: Paul Diaz, Edgar Vos, Jose La Rosa, Nathaniel Andrews, Hubert Janzen, Jose Boye, Carlos Regales, Jose Bibiana, 
     Rudolfo Dirksz, Julio Jansen, Damasio Werleman.
Coach: Ángel Botta (ARG)

Referee: Ramiro García (MEX) 
A1: Alfonso Benavides (MEX)  
A2: Jose Minsal (CUB)


MATCH 5

Sunday, February 21, 1960 
HONDURAS 1-1 SURINAME (HT: 0:0)
  [Melvin Prince 46’; Tjokosendjojo Kamsoe 60’]

HON: José León Najarro, Roy Padilla, Wilfredo García, Jorge Solís, Abraham Pavón, Felipe Barahona, Rodolfo Godoy Ramírez 
     (Carlos Avilés 40), Reynaldo Zelaya, Ronald Leaky, Carlos Castillo (Melvin Prince 40'), Joe Grant.
Coach: Carlos Padilla 

SUR: Johan Heckbert, Ronald Breinburg, Humbert Boerleider, August Wooter, Armand Sahadewsing, Leo Schipper, Leo Marcet 
     (Ludwin Beek 44'), August Foe A Man, Tjokosendjojo Kamsoe, Jules Lagadeau, Harold Chyrill.
Coach: Andre Kamperveen/Rufus Belgrave

Referee: Ramiro García (MEX)


MATCH 6

Sunday, February 21, 1960 
att: 10,000. 
CUBA 0-5 COSTA RICA (HT: 0:1)
  [Alberto Armijo 9' pen, 46’, Juan José Gámez 48', Oscar Bejarano 77', Juan Ulloa 89']

CUB: Jorge Pérez Castañeda (Jorge Solís 78’), Ramón Peñalver, Ramón Álvarez, Román Valdés (Antonio Fernández 32’), 
     Juvenal Reyes, Federico García, Jesús Valdés, Vicente Pérez, Manuel Bobadilla, Ángel Piedra, Manuel Miranda.
Coach: Mario López.

CRC: Hernán Alvarado, Giovanni Rodríguez, José Luis Quesada, Alex Sánchez, Marvin Rodríguez, Édgar Quesada 
     (Miguel Cortés 44’), Juan José Gámez, Alberto Armijo, Jorge Monge (Juan Ulloa 35’), Carlos Herrera, Oscar Bejarano.
Coach: Rubén Amorín (URU)

Referee: Francisco Figaroa (ARU)
A1: Felix Fingal (ARU)
A2: Alfredo Penman (HON)

NB: The kick-off was made by the president of organizing committee Dr. Narciso Camejo.
    Ángel Piedra (CUB) left the match at the second period by injure..


MATCH 7

Tuesday, February 23, 1960
att: 2,000. 
CUBA 3-4 NETHERLAND ANTILLES (HT: 0:3)
  [Manuel Bobadilla 53', Vicente Perez 54', 83’; Jose Bibiana 12', 70’, Edgar Vos 16', Jose La Rosa 44']
 
CUB: Julio Blanco (Jorge Solís 46'), Agustín Valdés, Ramón Peñalver, Juvenal Reyes, Federico García, Celedonio Basanta, 
     Ramón Álvarez, Vicente Pérez, Jorge Valdés, Manuel Bobadilla, Manuel Miranda (Antonio Fernández 1t).
Coach: Mario Lopez.

ANT: Rafael Caster (Paul Diaz 56'), Edgar Vos, Jose La Rosa, Nathaniel Andrews, Hubert Janzen, Jose Boye 
     (Bernard Geerman 20’), Carlos Regales, Juan Kock, Jose Bibiana, Julio Jansen, Damasio Werleman (Bernardo Brete 40’).
Coach: Ángel Botta (ARG)

Sent off: Hubert Janzen (ANT) 78’, Agustín Valdés (CUB) 78’

Referee: Alfredo Penman (HON)


MATCH 8

Thursday, February 25, 1960
COSTA RICA 1-1 HONDURAS (HT: 0:1)
  [Alberto Armijo 76’; René Reyes Rodriguez 18’]
 
CRC: Hernán Alvarado, Giovanni Rodríguez, Mario Cordero, Álvaro McDonald, Miguel Cortés, Marvin Rodríguez, Juan José Gámez, 
     Alberto Armijo, Juan Ulloa, Carlos Herrera (Guillermo Padilla 2’) (Edgar Quesada 44’), Rubén Jiménez.
Coach: Rubén Amorín (URU)

HON: José León Najarro (Efraín Salinas 63'), Roberto Güity, Wilfredo García, Jorge Solís, Abraham Pavón, Felipe Barahona, 
     Rodolfo Godoy Ramírez (Joe Grant 29’), Carlos Castillo, René Reyes Rodríguez, Ronald Leaky, Carlos Meza.
HC: Carlos Padilla

Referee: Ramiro Garcia (MEX)


MATCH 9

Saturday, February 27, 1960
NETHERLAND ANTILLES 1-0 SURINAME (HT: 0:0)
  [Carlos Regales 79’]

ANT: Paul Diaz, Andresito Croes, Jose La Rosa, Nathaniel Andrews, Edgar Vos, Juan Kock, Carlos Regales, Jose Bibiana, 
     Ocando Wernet, Rudolfo Dirksz, Julio Jansen.
Coach: Ángel Botta (ARG)

SUR: Johan Heckbert, Ronald Breinburg, Humbert Boerleider, August Wooter, Armand Sahadewsing, Leo Schipper, 
     August Foe A Man, Arnold Niekoop, Tjokosendjojo Kamsoe, Jules Lagadeau, Ludwin Beek.
Also played Leo Marcet.
DT: Andre Kamperveen/Rufus Belgrave

Árbitro: Alfredo Penman (HON) 
A1: Alfonso Benavides (MEX)
A2: N/D

NB: The match was interrupted for 30 minutes after the goal due to a fight between the players of both teams, the subsequent 
    intervention of the Cuban police and referee Penman, who in the first instance had refused to continue with the match.
    According to the newspaper “Het Nieuws” from Suriname, Leo Marcet also participated in this game but does not mention 
    who he replaced.


MATCH 10

Saturday, February 27, 1960
CUBA 2-1 HONDURAS (HT: 2:1)
  [Jorge Valdés 16', 44’; Ronald Leaky 40']

CUB: Jorge Pérez Castañeda, Agustín Valdés, Ramón Peñalver, Juvenal Reyes, Federico García, Celedonio Basanta, 
     Jesús Valdés (Mario Herrera), Jorge Valdés, Vicente Pérez, Manuel Bobadilla, Antonio Fernández.
Coach: Mario López.

HON: Mariano Aguiluz, Marco Antonio Rosales, Roy Padilla (Roberto Güity), Jorge Solís, Abraham Pavón (Carlos Castillo), 
     Carlos Meza, Ernesto Henríquez, Carlos Avilés, Ronald Leaky, Carlos Sarmiento.
Coach: Carlos Padilla

Referee: N/A


FINAL TABLE

Costa Rica		4	2	2	0	10	3	7 (playoff)
Netherland Antilles	4	2	2	0	9	7	7 (playoff)
Honduras		4	0	3	1	6	7	3
Suriname		4	1	1	2	4	5	3
Cuba			4	1	0	3	5	12	2

NB: Haiti withdrew a day before the tournament began, after the fixtures had already been announced.
    Guatemala (due to internal difficulties) and El Salvador had withdrawn earlier.


PLAYOFF

Monday, February 29, 1960 
NETHERLAND ANTILLES 0-4 COSTA RICA (HT: 0:1)
  [Juan Ulloa 40’, 79’, Alberto Armijo 53’ pen, Rubén Jiménez 59’]
 
ANT: Paul Diaz, Edgar Vos, Jose La Rosa, Nathaniel Andrews, Andresito Croes, Hubert Janzen, Carlos Regales, Jose Bibiana, 
     Rudolfo Dirksz, Julio Jansen, Damasio Werleman.
Coach: Ángel Botta (ARG)

CRC: Hernán Alvarado, Giovanni Rodríguez, José Luis Quesada, Alex Sánchez, Marvin Rodríguez, Constantino Quirós, 
     Oscar Bejarano, Alberto Armijo, Juan Ulloa, Édgar Quesada, Rubén Jiménez.
Coach: Rubén Amorín (URU)

Referee: Ramiro Garcia (MEX)

NB: Before this playoff match the organizing committee announced that, in the event of a draw,
    30 minutes extra time would be played, and if the result was still undecided then Costa Rica
    would be declared champions on overall goal average.


WINNERS: COSTA RICA


XI IDEAL (RSSSF Staff)

Paul Diaz (ANT)
Giovanni Rodríguez (CRC)
Jose La Rosa (ANT)
Abraham Pavón (HON)
August Wooter (SUR)
Ramón Peñalver (CUB)
Carlos Regales (ANT)
Alberto Armijo (CRC)
Jose Bibiana (ANT)
Ronald Leaky (HON)
Rubén Jiménez (CRC)


SQUADS


NETHERLAND ANTILLES 

DIAZ, Paul Johan “Puppy” (ARU)			19/12/1936 	GK 	La Fama (ARU)
CASTER, Rafael J.F.“Feki” (ARU)					GK 	Racing Club Aruba (ARU)
RICHARDSON, Jubert E. “Juby” (ARU) 				GK 	Dakota (ARU)
LA ROSA, Jose M.A. “Joy” (ARU) 			25/10/1933 	DF 	La Fama (ARU)
VOS, Edgar Joaquin “Watty” (ARU) 				DF 	Aruba Juniors (ARU)
ANDREWS, Nathaniel “Nata” (ARU) 				DF 	Riverplate (ARU)
BOYE, Jose Andries (ARU)					MF 	Racing Club Aruba (ARU)
KOCK, Juan (ARU) 				27/03/1940	MF 	San Nicolas Jrs. (ARU)
JANZEN, Hubert Romualdo “Ibi” (CUW)		07/02/1940 	MF 	Centro Dominguito(CUW)
ECKMEYER, Porfirio F. “Fio” (ARU) 				MF 	Bubali (ARU)
CROES, Andresito “Chito” (ARU) 			30/05/1933	MF 	Racing Club Aruba (ARU)
WIERSMA, Cornelius J. “Shon Ne” (ARU)		27/11/1936	MF 	Dakota (ARU)
DIRKSZ, Rudolfo Eduvigis “Edwin” (ARU)		17/10/1932 	FW 	Racing Club Aruba (ARU)
JANSEN, Julio “Juchi” (ARU)			20/12/1928 	FW 	Racing Club Aruba (ARU)
WERNET, Ocando “Candi” (ARU) 			02/02/1936	FW 	Estrella (ARU)
WERLEMAN, Damasio Florencio “Dama” (ARU)	14/03/1939	FW 	Estrella (ARU)
BIBIANA, Jose Maria “Jossy” (CUW)				FW 	Sithoc (CUW)
REGALES, Carlos Paula (CUW)			13/02/1938	FW 	Sithoc (CUW)
GEERMAN, Bernard J. “Benny” (ARU) 		20/08/1937	FW 	Aruba Juniors (ARU)
BRETE, Bernardo “Benny” (ARU) 					FW 	Tropical (ARU)

BOTTA, Ángel (ARG) 				xx/xx/1925	COACH
VAN PUTTEN, Lloyd Fitzroy					ASSISTANT
DE LAGE, Estasnislao Daniel 					LEADER
WEBER, Hector							DELEGATE
FIGAROA, Francisco Dominico					DELEGATE/REFEREE
KUIPERI, Herman							JOURNALIST
FINGAL, Felix							ASSISTANT REFEREE

NB: Due to limited preparation time, and in order to minimize expenditure, the N.A.V.U. (Nederlands Antilliaanse
    Voetbal Unie / Dutch Antilles Football Union) decided to appoint either Aruba or Curaçao to represent the
    Dutch Antilles in this tournament rather than select a combined Antilles team from both islands. The choice
    between Aruba or Curaçao was made by drawing lots, which Aruba won; the Aruban squad was, however, reinforced
    for the tournament with three players from Curaçao.


COSTA RICA

ALVARADO GUERRERO, Hernán			25/11/1932 	GK 	Herediano
ALVARADO VILLALOBOS, Carlos 			19/12/1927 	GK 	LD Alajuelense 
INDUNI ARQUIN, Felipe 				16/08/1940 	GK 	Saprissa
CHAVES, Álvaro Fernando 			11/01/1941 	DF 	Herediano 
CORDERO BRENES, Mario “Catato”			07/04/1930 	DF 	Saprissa
MCDONALD, Álvaro Antonio			26/01/1938 	DF 	Herediano
SÁNCHEZ CRUZ, Alex 				20/07/1930 	DF 	Saprissa
RODRÍGUEZ CHAVARRIA, Giovanni 					DF 	Saprissa
QUESADA SOTO, José Luis “Vivó”					DF 	LD Alajuelense
RODRÍGUEZ RAMIREZ, Marvin © 			26/11/1934 	MF 	Saprissa
QUIRÓS, Constantino “Tulio”			07/08/1930 	MF 	Saprissa
QUESADA YANNARELLA, Edgar 			16/08/1931 	MF 	Herediano
GÁMEZ RIVERA Juan José  			08/07/1939 	MF 	LD Alajuelense
VALENCIANO CERVANTES, Guillermo 				MF 	Saprissa
CORTÉS MELENDEZ, Miguel “Miguelito”				MF 	Saprissa
ARMIJO PUJOL, Alberto “Gallego”			27/09/1926 	FW 	Cartaginés
ULLOA RAMIREZ, Juan 				05/02/1935 	FW 	LD Alajuelense 
MONGE MORA, Jorge Hernán “Cuty”			14/02/1938 	FW 	Saprissa
JIMÉNEZ RODRIGUEZ, Rubén “Rata”			09/12/1932 	FW 	Saprissa
BEJARANO VIQUEZ, Oscar “Cuico”			15/09/1932 	FW 	Herediano
HERRERA MORERA, Carlos “Cuca”					FW 	LD Alajuelense 
PADILLA, Guillermo “Camarón” 					FW 	Uruguay
ROJAS GARCIA, Rigoberto “Feo”					FW 	Saprissa

AMORÍN, Rubén Darío (URU)					COACH
FLORES, Guillermo						ASSISTANT
LEIVA, Rodrigo							PHYSIOTHERAPIST
CARDONA, Rafael Ángel						LEADER
QUESADA, Ismael							MASSEUR
MONTEALEGRE, Ernesto						DELEGATE
BENAVIDES, Alfonso 						REFEREE
PASTOR, Jorge							JOURNALIST
CARTÍN, Luis							JOURNALIST


CUBA

BLANCO ALFONSO, Julio Ignacio “Julito” 		18/09/1937 	GK 	Deportivo Mordazo
SOLÍS GARCÍA, Jorge  “Pupy” 					GK 	Deportivo Mordazo 
PÉREZ CASTAÑEDA, Jorge 						GK 	Juventud Asturiana 
VALDÉS, Agustín Feliciano 					DF 	Lawton 
DELGADO, Ofren 							DF 	Lawton
PAZ, Conrado 							DF 	Cerro
ÁLVAREZ, Ramón 							DF 	Juventud Asturiana 
HERRERA, Mario “Pilillo” 					DF 	Juventud Asturiana  
PEÑALVER VALDES, Ramón 				31/08/1935 	MF 	Deportivo Mordazo 
FERNÁNDEZ, Antonio “Tony”					MF 	Cerro
GASCÓN, Bernardo 						MF 	Deportivo Mordazo  
GARCÍA, Federico						MF 	Lawton
REYES, Juvenal 							MF 	Juventud Asturiana 
BASANTA, Celedonio						MF 	Lawton
PIEDRA GARCIA, Ángel “Nini” 					FW 	Deportivo Mordazo
PÉREZ, Vicente “Vicentico”  					FW 	Atlético La Habana
BOBADILLA, Manuel Marco						FW 	Deportivo Mordazo
VALDÉS, Jorge “Olgy”						FW 	Lawton
GARCÍA Llorente, Zenaldo Eloy 					FW 	Lawton
MIRANDA, Manuel 						FW 	Cerro
VALDÉS GÓMEZ, Jesús María “Xiato”				FW 	Lawton 
VALDÉS, Lorenzo 						FW 	Lawton 

LÓPEZ, Mario							COACH
NAVARRO Julio							PHYSICAL TRAINER


HONDURAS

SALINAS, Efraín “Gato” 						GK 	Olimpia 
LEÓN NAJARRO, José “Chepe” 					GK 	Hibueras 
AGUILUZ, Mariano 						GK 	Boca Juniors 
GÜITY, Roberto Centeno 				xx/xx/1935	DF 	Motagua
PADILLA, Joaquín “Quicho”					DF
PADILLA, Roy 							DF 	Olimpia
GARCÍA, Wilfredo “Wil” 						DF 	Olimpia 
SOLÍS, Jorge Alberto “Furia” 					DF 	Olimpia
ROSALES, Marco Antonio “Tigrillo” 				DF 	Olimpia
BARAHONA, Felipe “Príncipe”					MF 	Olimpia
LEAKY, Ronald 							MF 	Olimpia
CASTILLO, Carlos “Rolín”					MF 	Olimpia
PAVÓN, Abraham 							MF 	Olimpia 
AVILÉS, Carlos 							MF 	Honduras
RODRÍGUEZ REYES, René “Reno” 					MF 	Olimpia
SARMIENTO, Carlos “Pipo” 					MF 	Hibueras
HENRÍQUEZ, Ernesto 						MF 	Motagua 
GODOY RAMÍREZ, Rodolfo Trinidad “Popo” 				FW 	Federal
PRINCE, Melvin “Cacabancha” 					FW 	Olimpia
THOMPSON Clement “Joe Grant”  					FW 	Olimpia 
MEZA, Carlos “Leke” 						FW 	Vida
ZELAYA, Reynaldo “Rey” 						FW
UCLÉS, Alfonso “Foncho” 

PADILLA VELÁZQUEZ, Carlos					COACH
ANDINO, Juan							ASSISTANT
ARZÚ, Zacarías							KINESIOLOGIST
CHÁVEZ, Fermín							LEADER
CASTILLO, Armando						DOCTOR
ANDINO, Virgilio						DELEGATE
PENMAN, Alfredo							REFEREE
HENRÍQUEZ, Conrado						JOURNALIST


SURINAME

HECKBERT, Johan Anton “Jopie”					GK 	Robin Hood
BLIJD, Harry Emmanuel 						GK 	Coronie Boys
BREINBURG, Ronald Edgar						DF 	Transvaal
WOOTER, August Carlos 						DF 	Sonny Boys
BOERLEIDER, Humbert Ronald			17/08/1935 	DF 	Transvaal
KAMPERVEEN, Rudi Andre 				27/09/1924 	DF 	(No Club)
SAHADEWSING, Armand Ronald “Maastaf		07/07/1939 	MF 	Transvaal
SCHIPPER, Leo Frank 				20/09/1938 	MF 	Robin Hood
BEEK, Ludwin Jackes 						MF 	Sonny Boys
POERWO, Adolf Justus 						MF 	Robin Hood
WELLES, Lucien 							MF	Voorwaarts 
MARCET, Leo Hermann 						FW 	Sonny Boys
FOE A MAN, August Frederick 					FW 	Sonny Boys
NIEKOOP, Gerrit Arnold Otwald 					FW 	Robin Hood
LAGADEAU, Jules Theodorus			31/07/1939 	FW 	Transvaal
KAMSOE, Tjokosendjojo Lagimen 					FW 	De Ster
CHYRILL, Harold 						FW	Robin Hood

KAMPERVEEN, Rudi Andre “Ampie”  				COACH/PLAYER
BELGRAVE, Rufus “Vossie”					COACH
DE ROOY, Fernand						DELEGATE
VEIRA, A.							DELEGATE
HELLING, J							DELEGATE
WHITE, Jimmy							DELEGATE

Overview File


About this document

Sources: Diario la Marina (Cuba), El Mundo (Cuba), Noticias de Hoy (Cuba), Amigoe (Curaçao), Arubaanse Courant (Aruba), Diario de Costa Rica (Costa Rica), La República (Costa Rica), La Prensa Libre (Costa Rica), La Nación (Costa Rica), Het Nieuws (Surinam)

Thanks to Francisco Vrolijk (Aruba), Ismael Ramos (Honduras), Osmany Torres (Cuba) and Mario Lara (Cuba)

Prepared and maintained by Erik Francisco Lugo and Eduardo Mendoza for the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation

Authors: Erik Francisco Lugo (eaglelugo@yahoo.com.mx) and Eduardo Mendoza (yuca16_@hotmail.com)
Last updated: 2 Jun 2021

(C) Copyright Erik Francisco Lugo, Eduardo Mendoza and RSSSF 2021
You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All rights reserved.