The table below lists clubs with a high number of promotions and relegations to and from their national first division (moves between lower levels are not considered here).
"Foun" in the list of promotion years indicates that the club was a founder member of the country's national first division.
Norway's SK Brann of Bergen "enjoyed" eight consecutive years of relegation/promotion between 1979 (relegated) and 1986 (promoted). Their series was "bettered" by Aris of Lemesos in Cyprus from 1996/97 (relegated) to 2005/06 (promoted) - a series of ten consecutive moves between top flight and second level. After remaining at the top level in 2006/07 (by finishing an incredible seven points above the drop zone) Aris immediately started a new series: they exchanged the top two divisions in each of the eight seasons from 2007/08 to 2014/15 and thus did so in eighteen out of nineteen consecutive seasons between 1996 and 2015.
The second "best" series is currently held by Al-Ittihad (Kalba) in the United Arab Emirates, who were promoted to the top level in 2009/10 to start a series of nine consecutive moves between the top two levels until promotion in 2017/18; in 2018/19 they managed to escape relegation. In Spain, Deportivo La Coruńa had seven such seasons from 1961/62 (promoted) to 1967/68 (promoted). A decade later, Hong Kong FC repeated this performance in Hongkong, from 1972/73 (promoted) to 1978/79 (promoted). In the Republic of Ireland, Drogheda United also had a series of seven consecutive ups and downs, from 1993/94 (relegated) to 1999/2000 (relegated).
Since 1930; includes seasons played in groups.
Besëlidhja (Lezhë) [24 moves]
up: 12: 1936, 1949, 1951, 1970, 1972, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1987, 1993, 2000, 2007
down: 12: 1937, 1950, 1952, 1971, 1975, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1990, 1996, 2003, 2008
Luftëtari Gjirokastër (Shqiponja) [24 moves]
up: 12: WWII, 1950, 1954, 1963, 1966, 1975, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2006, 2012, 2016
down: 12: 1948, 1952, 1955, 1964, 1974, 1988, 1991, 1998, 2002, 2007, 2013, 2020
SK Lushnja (Traktori) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1947, 1951, 1960, 1980, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1996, 2008, 2013, 2017
down: 11: 1948, 1952, 1979, 1981, 1987, 1989, 1994, 2006, 2009, 2014, 2018
Tomori (Berat) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1930, 1936, 1950, 1954, 1959, 1962, 1970, 1977, 1989, 1994, 2011
down: 11: 1931, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1961, 1968, 1972, 1988, 1993, 2002, 2013
Apolonia (Fier) [20 moves]
up: 10: WWII, 1967, 1972, 1979, 1985, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2020
down: 10: 1952, 1971, 1973, 1980, 2003, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2021
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation.
Skënderbeu (Korçë) [18 moves]
up: 9: Foun, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1986, 1990, 1995, 2005, 2007, 2009
down: 9: 1975, 1978, 1981, 1985, 1989, 1992, 2001, 2006, 2008
Besa (Kavajë) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1932, 1953, 1978, 1986, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2012
down: 8: 1952, 1977, 1985, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2011, 2014
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation.
Pogradeci (Ylli i Kuq) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1935, 1949, 1951, 1964, 1967, 1991, 2011
down: 7: 1937, 1950, 1953, 1965, 1968, 1993, 2012
Elbasani [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1933, 1953, 1958, 2002, 2010, 2014
down: 7: 1932, 1952, 1955, 2000, 2009, 2011, 2015
Kastrioti (Krujë) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1990, 1995, 2006, 2009, 2018, 2020
down: 5: 1993, 1996, 2008, 2014, 2019
Bylis (Ballshi) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1996, 2008, 2010, 2015, 2019
down: 5: 2003, 2009, 2014, 2016, 2021
Naftëtari (Kuçovë (Qyteti Stalin)) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1945, 1950, 1968, 1973, 1978
down: 5: 1948, 1951, 1970, 1976, 1987
NB: did not play in 1947 season by decision of Central Committee of
Albanian Communist Party; this is not counted as relegation.
Since 1964; includes seasons played in groups. ASM Oran [17 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1971, 1975, 1977, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2006, 2014 down: 9: 1969, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2016 CS Constantine [15 moves] up: 8: 1970, 1977, 1986, 1990, 1994, 2000, 2004, 2011 down: 7: 1973, 1979, 1987, 1991, 1999, 2001, 2006 USM Bel-Abbčs [14 moves] up: 7: 1967, 1980, 1988, 1993, 2012, 2014, 2016 down: 7: 1976, 1986, 1992, 1994, 2013, 2015, 2021 CA Batna [12 moves] up: 6: 1975, 1993, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2016 down: 6: 1981, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2017 NA Hussein Dey [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2011, 2014 down: 6: 1986, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2010, 2012 USM Blida [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1972, 1992, 1997, 2015, 2017 down: 6: 1967, 1975, 1996, 2011, 2016, 2018 WA Tlemcen [11 moves] up: 6: 1971, 1973, 1984, 1990, 2009, 2020 down: 5: 1972, 1974, 1988, 2008, 2013 GC Mascara [10 moves] up: 5: 1972, 1979, 1994, 1998, 2004 down: 5: 1973, 1987, 1995, 1999, 2005 RC Kouba [10 moves] up: 5: 1965, 1988, 1998, 2001, 2008 down: 5: 1985, 1991, 1999, 2004, 2009 USM Alger [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1969, 1974, 1981, 1987, 1995 down: 5: 1965, 1972, 1980, 1983, 1990
Since 1895; no proper promotion or relegation until 1903.
Quilmes [23 moves]
up: 11: Insc, 1919, 1934, 1949, 1961, 1965, 1975, 1981, 1991, 2003, 2010, 2012
down: 12: 1916, 1933, 1937, 1951, 1962, 1970, 1980, 1982, 1992, 2007, 2011, 2017
[Quilmes inscribed for the league in 1900]
Banfield [19 moves]
up: 10: 1912, 1919, 1939, 1946, 1962, 1973, 1987, 1993, 2001, 2014
down: 9: 1917, 1934, 1944, 1954, 1972, 1978, 1988, 1997, 2012
Chacarita Juniors [14 moves]
up: 7: 1924, 1941, 1959, 1983, 1999, 2009, 2017
down: 7: 1940, 1956, 1979, 1986, 2004, 2010, 2018
Ferro Carril Oeste [14 moves]
up: 7: 1912, 1919, 1948, 1958, 1963, 1970, 1978
down: 7: 1918, 1946, 1957, 1962, 1968, 1977, 2000
Tigre [14 moves]
up: 7: 1912, 1934, 1945, 1953, 1967, 1979, 2007
down: 7: 1933, 1942, 1950, 1958, 1968, 1980, 2019
Lanús [13 moves]
up: 7: 1919, 1950, 1964, 1971, 1976, 1990, 1992
down: 6: 1949, 1961, 1970, 1972, 1977, 1991
Unión (Santa Fe) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1966, 1968, 1974, 1989, 1996, 2011, 2014
down: 6: 1967, 1970, 1988, 1992, 2003, 2013
Argentinos Juniors [11 moves]
up: 6: 1931, 1956, 1997, 2004, 2015, 2017
down: 5: 1937, 1996, 2002, 2014, 2016
Gimnasia y Esgrima (La Plata) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1915, 1944, 1947, 1952, 1984, 2013
down: 5: 1943, 1945, 2051, 1979, 2011
Since 1911. Linzer ASK [15 moves] up: 8: 1939, 1950, 1958, 1979, 1992, 1994, 2007, 2017 down: 7: 1941, 1955, 1978, 1989, 1993, 2001, 2011 SV Austria Salzburg/RB Salzburg [13 moves] up: 7: 1953, 1959, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1978, 1989 down: 6: 1957, 1961, 1963, 1966, 1977, 1985 First Vienna FC [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1919, 1969, 1976, 1982, 1984, 1986 down: 7: 1914, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1992 1.Simmeringer SC [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1937, 1951, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1982 down: 7: 1928, 1938, 1964, 1966, 1972, 1975, 1983 Wiener AC [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1922, 1924, 1942, 1953, 1956 down: 6: 1921, 1923, 1936, 1948, 1954, 1965 Schwarz-Weiß Bregenz [10 moves] up: 5: 1954, 1966, 1970, 1972, 1999 down: 5: 1955, 1969, 1971, 1973, 2005 WSV Donawitz/DSV Alpine [10 moves] up: 5: 1958, 1968, 1971, 1984, 1990 down: 5: 1960, 1969, 1974, 1986, 1992 Kapfenberger SV [10 moves] up: 5: 1951, 1954, 1961, 1963, 2008 down: 5: 1952, 1959, 1962, 1967, 2012 FC Wacker/FC Tirol Innsbruck [10 moves] up: 5: 1964, 1981, 2004, 2010, 2018 down: 5: 1979, 2002, 2008, 2014, 2019 NB: relegation 2002 (as reigning champions) due to financial problems.
Since 1895; organised promotion and relegation since 1905.
KV Mechelen [25 moves]
up: 13: 1921, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1981, 1983, 1999, 2002, 2007, 2019
down: 12: 1922, 1925, 1927, 1956, 1964, 1969, 1977, 1982, 1997, 2001, 2003, 2018
RWDM (Racing CB, Racing White) [19 moves]
up: 9: Foun, 1926, 1932, 1942, 1945, 1954, 1965, 1985, 1990, 2001
down: 10: 1925, 1930, 1934, 1943, 1952, 1955, 1984, 1989, 1998, 2002
Berchem Sport [14 moves]
up: 7: 1922, 1934, 1943, 1962, 1972, 1978, 1986
down: 7: 1933, 1936, 1960, 1966, 1976, 1981, 1987
Beringen [14 moves]
up: 7: 1950, 1952, 1955, 1958, 1962, 1972, 1983
down: 7: 1951, 1953, 1957, 1960, 1970, 1982, 1984
Cercle Brugge [12 moves]
up: 6: 1898, 1938, 1961, 1971, 1979, 2003, 2018
down: 6: 1936, 1946, 1966, 1978, 1997, 2015
NB: Cercle Brugge first entered the championship in 1898/99.
RC Mechelen [12 moves]
up: 6: 1910, 1914, 1925, 1948, 1975, 1988
down: 6: 1912, 1924, 1937, 1958, 1976, 1990
Tilleur [12 moves]
up: 6: 1925, 1928, 1933, 1939, 1948, 1964
down: 6: 1926, 1929, 1934, 1946, 1959, 1967
Racing Club Bruxelles [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1926, 1932, 1942, 1945, 1954
down: 6: 1925, 1930, 1934, 1943, 1952, 1955
Club Brugge [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1929, 1935, 1946, 1949, 1959
down: 5: 1928, 1933, 1939, 1947, 1951
NB: Club Brugge did not enter the championship in 1896/97 and 1897/98.
Racing Gent [10 moves]
up: 5: 1908, 1911, 1923, 1931, 1952
down: 5: 1909, 1922, 1930, 1935, 1953
NB: before organised promotion and relegation, Racing Gent also played
at the top level in the seasons 1898/99 and 1899/00.
Since 1995; the addition of the Croatian clubs in 2000 and those of the Serbian clubs in 2002 is considered a promotion for the clubs in question. Borac Banja Luka [9 moves] up: 5: 2002, 2006, 2008, 2017, 2019 down: 4: 2005, 2007, 2016, 2018 Olimpik Sarajevo [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1997, 2000, 2009, 2020 down: 5: 1996, 1998, 2002, 2017, 2021 Buducnost Banovici [8 moves] up: 4: 1998, 2002, 2004, 2010 down: 4: 2001, 2003, 2006, 2011 Travnik [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2000, 2003, 2007 down: 4: 1998, 2001, 2006, 2016 NB: also considering moves in Yugoslavia, we obtain the following records: Borac Banja Luka [17 moves] up: 9: 1961, 1970, 1975, 1989, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2017, 2019 down: 8: 1962, 1974, 1981, 1993, 2005, 2007, 2016, 2018 Celik Zenica [12 moves] up: 6: 1966, 1968, 1979, 1983, 1985, 1995 down: 6: 1967, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1989, 2020
Since 1971; until 1980 no proper promotion, until 1987 no proper relegation, and lots of messing about with formats in general. América-MG [13 moves] up: 7: 1992, 1997, 1999, 2010, 2015, 2017, 2020 down: 6: 1993, 1998, 2001, 2011, 2016, 2018 Coritiba [12 moves] up: 6: 1992, 1995, 2007, 2010, 2019, 2021 down: 6: 1989, 1993, 2005, 2009, 2017, 2020 Sport Recife [12 moves] up: 6: 1980, 1990, 2006, 2011, 2013, 2019 down: 6: 1989, 2001, 2009, 2012, 2018, 2021 Vitória [11 moves] up: 5: 1987, 1992, 2007, 2012, 2015 down: 6: 1982, 1991, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2018 Goiás [10 moves] up: 5: 1994, 1999, 2012, 2018, 2021 down: 5: 1993, 1998, 2010, 2015, 2020 Ponte Preta [9 moves] up: 4: 1984, 1997, 2011, 2014 down: 5: 1983, 1986, 2006, 2013, 2017 Santa Cruz [9 moves] up: 4: 1992, 1999, 2005, 2015 down: 5: 1988, 1993, 2001, 2006, 2016 Bahia [8 moves] up: 4: 1981, 1999, 2010, 2016 down: 4: 1997, 2003, 2014, 2021 Criciúma [8 moves] up: 4: 1987, 1992, 2003, 2012 down: 4: 1988, 1997, 2004, 2014 Atlético-PR [7 moves] up: 4: 1987, 1990, 1995, 2012 down: 3: 1989, 1993, 2011 Avaí [7 moves] up: 4: 2008, 2016, 2018, 2021 down: 3: 2011, 2017, 2019 Fortaleza [7 moves] up: 4: 1992, 2002, 2004, 2018 down: 3: 1993, 2003, 2006 Guarani [7 moves] up: 4: 1981, 1987, 1991, 2009 down: 3: 1989, 2004, 2010 Vasco da Gama [7 moves] up: 3: 2009, 2014, 2016 down: 4: 2008, 2013, 2015, 2020
Since 1937.
Minyor Pernik [18 moves]
up: 9: 1950, 1966, 1972, 1979, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1996, 2008
down: 9: 1962, 1970, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1989, 1992, 2001, 2013
Spartak Varna [18 moves]
up: 9: 1949, 1953, 1965, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1992, 1995, 2006
down: 9: 1952, 1964, 1966, 1974, 1978, 1989, 1994, 2005, 2009
Cherno More Varna [15 moves]
up: 8: 1948, 1951, 1956, 1960, 1977, 1988, 1993, 2000
down: 7: 1949, 1955, 1959, 1976, 1986, 1990, 1994
Pirin Blagoevgrad [15 moves]
up: 8: 1973, 1982, 1984, 1998, 2004, 2007, 2015, 2021
down: 7: 1981, 1983, 1995, 2000, 2006, 2011, 2018
Chernomorets Burgas (Botev) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1948, 1965, 1977, 1986, 1989, 1999, 2007
down: 7: 1949, 1973, 1985, 1988, 1994, 2004, 2014
NB: Botev changed name to Chernomorets in 1968; an earlier club called Chernomorets
had played at the first level between 1937 and 1939.
Dunav Ruse [14 moves]
up: 7: 1937, 1957, 1968, 1974, 1984, 1988, 2016
down: 7: 1940, 1967, 1973, 1977, 1986, 1991, 2020
Since 1933. Rangers (Talca) [18 moves] up: 9: 1952, 1977, 1981, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2007, 2011 down: 9: 1976, 1978, 1987, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2006, 2009, 2014 Santiago Wanderers [18 moves] up: 9: 1936, 1943, 1978, 1982, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2009, 2019 down: 9: 1937, 1977, 1980, 1984, 1991, 1998, 2007, 2017, 2021 Deportes La Serena [15 moves] up: 8: 1957, 1961, 1980, 1983, 1987, 1996, 2003, 2019 down: 7: 1959, 1976, 1982, 1984, 1995, 1999, 2012 Deportes Temuco (Green Cross) [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1938, 1960, 1963, 1982, 1991, 2001, 2016 down: 8: 1934, 1958, 1962, 1980, 1984, 1998, 2005, 2018 Everton [13 moves] up: 7: 1943, 1974, 1982, 1999, 2003, 2012, 2016 down: 6: 1972, 1981, 1995, 2000, 2010, 2014 Coquimbo Unido [11 moves] up: 6: 1962, 1977, 1983, 1990, 2018, 2021 down: 5: 1965, 1980, 1984, 2007, 2020 O'Higgins [11 moves] up: 6: 1954, 1964, 1976, 1987, 1998, 2005 down: 5: 1963, 1975, 1985, 1996, 2001 Deportes (Municipal) Iquique [10 moves] up: 5: 1979, 1992, 1997, 2008, 2010 down: 5: 1990, 1993, 1999, 2009, 2020
Since 1948; no proper promotion or relegation until 1991.
Cúcuta Deportivo [9 moves]
up: 4: 1949, 1954, 1996, 2005, 2014, 2018
down: 5: 1953, 1995, 1997, 2013, 2015, 2020
NB: Cúcuta were disbanded in 2020.
Corporación Tuluá [7 moves]
up: 4: 1993, 2009, 2014, 2021
down: 3: 2004, 2010, 2017
Real Cartagena [7 moves]
up: 3: 1970, 1991, 1999, 2004, 2008
down: 4: 1971, 1992, 2002, 2007, 2012
NB: participation in 1971 due to temporary acquisition of place of
Atlético Bucaramanga; entry in 1992 by acquisition of place of
Sporting Barranquilla.
Atlético Huila [6 moves]
up: 3: 1992, 1997, 2021
down: 3: 1996, 2019, 2021
NB: were promoted midway through the 2021 season and relegated at the end.
Boyacá Chicó [6 moves]
up: 3: 2003, 2017, 2019
down: 3: 2016, 2018, 2021
Unión Magdalena (Samarios) (Santa Marta) [6 moves]
up: 3: 1950, 1955, 1958, 1962, 2001, 2018, 2021
down: 3: 1954, 1957, 1960, 1999, 2005, 2019
Deportes Quindío [5 moves]
up: 2: 1950, 1954, 2001, 2021
down: 3: 1952, 2000, 2013, 2021
NB: were promoted midway through the 2021 season and relegated at the end.
Atlético Bucaramanga [4 moves]
up: 2: 1948, 1955, 1971, 1995, 2015
down: 2: 1953, 1970, 1994, 2008
NB: sold place in 1971 season to Real Cartagena.
Fortaleza FC [4 moves]
up: 2: 2013, 2015
down: 2: 2014, 2016
Deportes Pereira [4 moves]
up: 2: 1948, 1955, 2000, 2019
down: 2: 1953, 1997, 2011
Since 1992. Cibalia Vinkovci [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1998, 2005, 2016 down: 4: 1997, 2004, 2013, 2018 Hrvatski dragovoljac Zagreb [7 moves] up: 4: 1995, 2010, 2013, 2021 down: 3: 2002, 2011, 2014 Inter (Inker) Zapresic [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2003, 2007, 2015 down: 4: 1997, 2006, 2013, 2020 Zadar [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1996, 2001, 2007 down: 4: 1995, 1999, 2005, 2015 Istra Pula [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1999, 2004, 2009 down: 3: 1997, 2000, 2007 Marsonia Slavonski Brod [6 moves] up: 3: 1994, 2009, 2003 down: 3: 1997, 2002, 2004 Medimurje Cakovec [6 moves] up: 3: 2000, 2004, 2009 down: 3: 2002, 2008, 2010 NB: also considering moves in Yugoslavia, we obtain the following records: Zagreb (Borac) [16 moves] up: 8: 1950, 1954, 1964, 1973, 1976, 1980, 1991, 2014 down: 8: 1953, 1958, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982, 2013, 2016 Cibalia (Dinamo) Vinkovci [10 moves] up: 5: 1982, 1992, 1998, 2005, 2016 down: 5: 1987, 1997, 2004, 2013, 2018
Since 1934.
Aris (Lemesos) [30 moves]
up: 15: Foun, 1954, 1956, 1972, 1982, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2021
down: 15: 1939, 1955, 1970, 1981, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2018
Pafos FC (AEP, APOP) (Paphos) [27 moves]
up: 14: 1966, 1971, 1973, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1992, 1996, 1999, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2015, 2017
down: 13: 1968, 1972, 1974, 1980, 1983, 1991, 1993, 1998, 2005, 2007, 2011, 2013, 2016
Alki (Larnaka) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1960, 1982, 1989, 1995, 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010
down: 8: 1981, 1988, 1992, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2014
Evagoras (Paphos) [16 moves] [merged 2000 into AE Paphos]
up: 8: 1968, 1972, 1981, 1984, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1997
down: 8: 1969, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1990, 1994, 1996, 1999
Anagenissi (Dherinia) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1987, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2011, 2016
down: 6: 1988, 1998, 2000, 2004, 2012, 2017
APEP (Pitsilia) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2005, 2008
down: 6: 1988, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2006, 2010
Ermis (Aradippos) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1983, 1985, 2001, 2009, 2013, 2020
down: 6: 1984, 1987, 2002, 2012, 2019, 2021
Nea Salamina [12 moves]
up: 6: 1955, 1980, 2002, 2004, 2009, 2011
down: 6: 1979, 2001, 2003, 2008, 2010, 2021
Olympiakos (Lefkosia) [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1938, 1984, 1998, 2010, 2017, 2019
down: 6: 1937, 1983, 1997, 2008, 2013, 2018
Omonia (Aradippos) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1978, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993
down: 5: 1985, 1987, 1989, 1992, 1996
NB: in 2000 APOP and Evagoras merged to form AE Paphos, taking over the place
of APOP in the first division; the merger club remained at the top level
for 5 seasons before resuming old habits; while at the second level, AEP
merged in 2014 with AEK (Kouklion), just relegated from the top flight,
into Pafos FC.
Since 1993.
Dynamo Ceské Budejovice [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2019
down: 5: 1998, 2000, 2004, 2013, 2015
Hradec Kralové [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 2001, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2021
down: 5: 2000, 2003, 2013, 2015, 2017
Sleszký Opava (Kaucuk) [8 moves]
up: 4: 1995, 2001, 2003, 2018
down: 4: 2000, 2002, 2005, 2021
Pribram (Dukla (Praha), Marila) [7 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 1997, 2008, 2018
down: 4: 1994, 2007, 2017, 2021
Viktoria Plzen [6 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 2000, 2003, 2005
down: 3: 1999, 2001, 2004
NB: also considering moves in Czechoslovakia, we obtain the following records:
Viktoria Plzen (Skoda) [25 moves]
up: 13: 1931, 1939, 1943, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1972, 1986, 1988, 1993, 2000, 2003, 2005
down: 12: 1938, 1942, 1952, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1980, 1987, 1989, 1999, 2001, 2004
SK Hradec Kralové (Spartak) [23 moves]
up: 12: 1955, 1959, 1964, 1972, 1980, 1987, 1990, 2001, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2021
down: 11: 1958, 1963, 1966, 1973, 1981, 1989, 2000, 2003, 2013, 2015, 2017
Bohemians Praha (AFK Vrsovice, Spartak Stalingrad) [17 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1940, 1953, 1958, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1996, 1999
down: 9: 1935, 1951, 1954, 1965, 1968, 1970, 1995, 1997, 2003
NB: Bohemians folded and neither of the two clubs claiming its heritage
(Bohemians 1905 and Bohemians/Strízkov), both of whom meanwhile made
it to the Czech top level, can reasonably be considered its successor
(though Bohemians 1905 have the stronger case).
Zbrojovka Brno (SK Zidenice, Boby Brno) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1933, 1948, 1962, 1971, 1989, 1992, 2012, 2020
down: 8: 1947, 1949, 1967, 1983, 1991, 2011, 2018, 2021
Dynamo Ceské Budejovice [15 moves]
up: 8: 1947, 1985, 1991, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2014, 2019
down: 7: 1948, 1987, 1998, 2000, 2004, 2013, 2015
Fastav Zlin (Bata, Svit) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1938, 1950, 1952, 1969, 1993, 2002, 2015
down: 6: 1947, 1951, 1953, 1971, 1996, 2009
SK Kladno (SONP) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1925, 1948, 1951, 1960, 1969, 2006
down: 6: 1947, 1949, 1958, 1965, 1970, 2010
Since 1925 and until 1993. The nazi-enforced separation of Bohemia-Moravia and Slovakia (between 1938 and 1945) is here considered as a separation of the Czechoslovak league into two groups, and clubs from both are considered to have played at the first level, as the first reunified league in 1945/46 included 20 clubs (split over two groups), among which were the top-11 of the league of Bohemia-Moravia in 1943/44 and the top-6 of the Slovak league. The last Czechoslovak league season was held in 1992/93; here only clubs with at least 10 moves are listed between 1924 and 1993 are listed; for further records since 1993 see the entries on the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Viktoria Plzen (Skoda) [18 moves] up: 9: 1931, 1939, 1943, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1972, 1986, 1988 down: 9: 1938, 1942, 1952, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1980, 1987, 1989 NB: moved 7 more times since 1993. Spartak Hradec Kralové [13 moves] up: 7: 1955, 1959, 1964, 1972, 1980, 1987, 1990 down: 6: 1958, 1963, 1966, 1973, 1981, 1989 NB: moved 9 more times since 1993. Cechie Karlin (Dukla) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1927, 1931, 1933, 1945, 1947, 1949 down: 7: 1926, 1930, 1932, 1935, 1946, 1948, 1951 Bohemians Praha (AFK Vrsovice, Spartak Stalingrad) [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1940, 1953, 1958, 1966, 1969, 1973 down: 6: 1935, 1951, 1954, 1965, 1968, 1970 NB: moved 5 more times since 1993. SK Zilina (ZVL) [12 moves] up: 6: 1938, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1966, 1982 down: 6: 1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1978, 1988 NB: moved 3 more times since 1993. SK Liben [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1928, 1932, 1938, 1940, 1946 down: 6: 1926, 1929, 1933, 1939, 1941, 1947 Spartak Trnava (Rapid) [11 moves] up: 6: 1938, 1947, 1951, 1954, 1964, 1991 down: 5: 1946, 1950, 1952, 1962, 1990 NB: moved 2 more times since 1993. Zbrojovka Brno (SK Zidenice, Boby Brno) [11 moves] up: 6: 1933, 1948, 1962, 1971, 1989, 1992 down: 5: 1947, 1949, 1967, 1983, 1991 NB: moved 4 more times since 1993. Tatran Presov (Slavia, Dukla) [11 moves] up: 6: 1938, 1949, 1969, 1977, 1980, 1990 down: 5: 1944, 1966, 1974, 1979, 1988 NB: moved 5 more times since 1993. SK Kladno (SONP) [10 moves] up: 5: 1925, 1948, 1951, 1960, 1969 down: 5: 1947, 1949, 1958, 1965, 1970 NB: moved 2 more times since 1993.
Since 1929.
B 1909 [22 moves]
up: 11: 1940, 1948, 1950, 1954, 1967, 1970, 1974, 1976, 1981, 1983, 1992
down: 11: 1946, 1949, 1953, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1982, 1984, 1993
NB: due to World War II, B 1909's first promotion did not get
effective until 1945.
Viborg FF [15 moves]
up: 8: 1980, 1989, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2013, 2015, 2021
down: 7: 1981, 1990, 1994, 1997, 2008, 2014, 2017
Esbjerg fB [14 moves]
up: 7: 1932, 1949, 1974, 1999, 2001, 2012, 2018
down: 7: 1938, 1969, 1986, 2000, 2011, 2017, 2020
Køge BK [14 moves] (now into HB Køge)
up: 7: 1939, 1957, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1979, 2002
down: 7: 1956, 1959, 1963, 1967, 1978, 1985, 2003
AGF [13 moves]
up: 7: 1930, 1953, 1971, 1976, 2007, 2011, 2015
down: 6: 1952, 1968, 1973, 2006, 2010, 2014
Silkeborg IF [13 moves]
up: 7: 1987, 2004, 2009, 2014, 2016, 2019, 2021
down: 6: 2003, 2007, 2013, 2015, 2018, 2020
Vejle B [13 moves]
up: 7: 1956, 1995, 2001, 2006, 2008, 2018, 2020
down: 6: 1992, 2000, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2019
NB: in 2011 Vejle B and Kolding IF merged into Vejle Boldklub Kolding; the new club
took Vejle's place at the second level but was dissolved in 2013 and Vejle took
the place of the merger club again (still at the second level)
HB Køge (includes Herfølge BK) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1980, 1983, 1995, 2003, 2009, 2011
down: 6: 1981, 1990, 2001, 2005, 2010, 2012
NB: in 2009 Køge BK and Herfølge BK merged into HB Køge; the new club
took newly promoted Herfølge BK's place at the first level
B 93 [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1958, 1963, 1974, 1984, 1998
down: 6: 1954, 1959, 1965, 1983, 1985, 1999
Randers FC (includes Randers Freja) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1969, 1985, 1987, 2004, 2006, 2012
down: 5: 1978, 1986, 1988, 2005, 2011
AaB [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1962, 1964, 1972, 1978, 1986
down: 5: 1947, 1963, 1971, 1977, 1980
Fremad Amager [10 moves]
up: 5: 1931, 1938, 1975, 1979, 1994
down: 5: 1935, 1948, 1976, 1980, 1995
Lyngby BK [10 moves]
up: 5: 1979, 2007, 2010, 2016, 2019
down: 5: 2002, 2008, 2012, 2018, 2021
OB [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1947, 1957, 1966, 1975, 1999
down: 5: 1933, 1955, 1962, 1968, 1998
Since 1888. Birmingham City (Small Heath, Birmingham) [24 moves] up: 12: 1894, 1901, 1903, 1921, 1948, 1955, 1972, 1980, 1985, 2002, 2007, 2009 down: 12: 1896, 1902, 1908, 1939, 1950, 1965, 1979, 1984, 1986, 2006, 2008, 2011 Leicester City (Leicester Fosse) [23 moves] up: 12: 1908, 1925, 1937, 1954, 1957, 1971, 1980, 1983, 1994, 1996, 2003, 2014 down: 11: 1909, 1935, 1939, 1955, 1969, 1978, 1981, 1987, 1995, 2002, 2004 Manchester City (Ardwick) [21 moves] up: 11: 1899, 1903, 1910, 1928, 1947, 1951, 1966, 1985, 1989, 2000, 2002 down: 10: 1902, 1909, 1926, 1938, 1950, 1963, 1983, 1987, 1996, 2001 West Bromwich Albion [21 moves] up: 10: Foun, 1902, 1911, 1931, 1949, 1976, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2010, 2020 down: 11: 1901, 1904, 1927, 1938, 1973, 1986, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2018, 2021 Bolton Wanderers [19 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1900, 1905, 1909, 1911, 1935, 1978, 1995, 1997, 2001 down: 10: 1899, 1903, 1908, 1910, 1933, 1964, 1980, 1996, 1998, 2012 Middlesbrough [18 moves] up: 9: 1902, 1927, 1929, 1974, 1988, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2016 down: 9: 1924, 1928, 1954, 1982, 1989, 1993, 1997, 2009, 2017 Sheffield Wednesday (The Wednesday) [18 moves] up: 9: 1892, 1900, 1926, 1950, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1984, 1991 down: 9: 1899, 1920, 1937, 1951, 1955, 1958, 1970, 1990, 2000 Sunderland [18 moves] up: 9: 1890, 1964, 1976, 1980, 1990, 1996, 1999, 2005, 2007 down: 9: 1958, 1970, 1977, 1985, 1991, 1997, 2003, 2006, 2017 Norwich City [17 moves] up: 9: 1972, 1975, 1982, 1986, 2004, 2011, 2015, 2019, 2021 down: 8: 1974, 1981, 1985, 1995, 2005, 2014, 2016, 2020 Sheffield United [16 moves] up: 8: 1893, 1939, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1990, 2006, 2019 down: 8: 1934, 1949, 1956, 1968, 1976, 1994, 2007, 2021 Derby County [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1912, 1915, 1926, 1969, 1987, 1996, 2007 down: 8: 1907, 1914, 1921, 1953, 1980, 1991, 2002, 2008 Burnley [14 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1898, 1913, 1947, 1973, 2009, 2014, 2016 down: 7: 1897, 1900, 1930, 1971, 1976, 2010, 2015 Nottingham Forest [14 moves] up: 7: 1892, 1907, 1922, 1957, 1977, 1994, 1998 down: 7: 1906, 1911, 1925, 1972, 1993, 1997, 1999 Wolverhampton Wanderers [14 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1932, 1967, 1977, 1983, 2003, 2009, 2018 down: 7: 1906, 1965, 1976, 1982, 1984, 2004, 2012 Chelsea [13 moves] up: 7: 1907, 1912, 1930, 1963, 1977, 1984, 1989 down: 6: 1910, 1924, 1962, 1975, 1979, 1988 Crystal Palace [13 moves] up: 7: 1969, 1979, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2004, 2013 down: 6: 1973, 1981, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2005 Leeds United [13 moves] up: 7: 1924, 1928, 1932, 1956, 1964, 1990, 2020 down: 6: 1927, 1931, 1947, 1960, 1982, 2004 Newcastle United [13 moves] up: 7: 1898, 1948, 1965, 1984, 1993, 2010, 2017 down: 6: 1934, 1961, 1978, 1989, 2009, 2016 Stoke City (Stoke) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1891, 1922, 1933, 1963, 1979, 2008 down: 7: 1890, 1907, 1923, 1953, 1977, 1985, 2018 West Ham United [13 moves] up: 7: 1923, 1958, 1981, 1991, 1993, 2005, 2012 down: 6: 1932, 1978, 1989, 1992, 2003, 2011 Manchester United (Newton Heath) [11 moves] up: 6: 1892, 1906, 1925, 1936, 1938, 1975 down: 5: 1894, 1922, 1931, 1937, 1974 Notts County [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1897, 1914, 1923, 1981, 1991 down: 6: 1893, 1913, 1920, 1926, 1984, 1992 Preston North End [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1904, 1913, 1915, 1934, 1951 down: 6: 1901, 1912, 1914, 1925, 1949, 1961 Aston Villa [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1938, 1960, 1975, 1988, 2019 down: 5: 1936, 1959, 1967, 1987, 2016 Cardiff City [10 moves] up: 5: 1921, 1952, 1960, 2013, 2018 down: 5: 1929, 1957, 1962, 2014, 2019 Fulham [10 moves] up: 5: 1949, 1959, 2001, 2018, 2020 down: 5: 1952, 1968, 2014, 2019, 2021 Queen's Park Rangers [10 moves] up: 5: 1968, 1973, 1983, 2011, 2014 down: 5: 1969, 1979, 1996, 2013, 2015
Since 1947; no proper promotion or relegation until 1975. ÍF [16 moves] up: 8: 1971, 1984, 1987, 1992, 1995, 2003, 2007, 2018 down: 8: 1982, 1985, 1989, 1994, 1999, 2006, 2017, 2021 07 Vestur (FS Vágar) [15 moves] up: 8: 1994, 1999, 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2016, 2020 down: 7: 1997, 2001, 2003, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2018 TB [14 moves] up: 7: 1949, 1989, 1997, 2001, 2004, 2011, 2014 down: 7: 1988, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2005, 2013, 2021 B68 [11 moves] up: 6: 1980, 2005, 2007, 2013, 2015, 2020 down: 5: 2004, 2006, 2012, 2014, 2016 NSÍ [11 moves] up: 6: 1975, 1978, 1983, 1990, 1993, 1996 down: 5: 1976, 1979, 1988, 1992, 1995 B71 [10 moves] up: 5: 1988, 1991, 1998, 2006, 2009 down: 5: 1990, 1997, 2001, 2008, 2011
Since 1930.
VPS Vaasa [20 moves]
up: 10: Foun, 1934, 1937, 1954, 1961, 1964, 1970, 1974, 1994, 2005, 2021
down: 10: 1933, 1936, 1953, 1958, 1962, 1968, 1972, 1977, 2002, 2019
FC Oulu (OTP) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1965, 1970, 1972, 1976, 1979, 1984, 1987, 1993
down: 8: 1966, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1994
KTP Kotka [14 moves]
up: 7: 1947, 1962, 1978, 1998, 2002, 2014, 2020
down: 7: 1958, 1969, 1983, 2000, 2008, 2015, 2021
Ilves (IKissat) Tampere [13 moves]
up: 7: 1948, 1955, 1963, 1968, 1972, 1978, 2014
down: 6: 1951, 1958, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1995
NB: does not include Tampere United, who took the second level place of Ilves
in 1999 but were dissolved in 2010; in 2014 a "new" Ilves Tampere, which
originated from the club's youth team in 1998, were promoted to the top
flight; Ilves was founded in 1975 as a merger of IKissat and TaPa and are
here considered to be a continuation of IKissat although a club with the
same name was founded again years after the merger.
TPS Turku [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1935, 1956, 1965, 2002, 2017, 2019
down: 7: 1934, 1952, 1963, 2000, 2014, 2018, 2020
Jaro (Drott) Pietarsaari [12 moves]
up: 6: 1935, 1944, 1959, 1988, 1990, 2001
down: 6: 1936, 1946, 1960, 1989, 1998, 2015
RoPS Rovaniemi [12 moves]
up: 6: 1980, 1982, 2003, 2007, 2010, 2012
down: 6: 1981, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2020
KuPS Kuopio [11 moves]
up: 6: 1947, 1948, 1993, 2000, 2004, 2007
down: 5: 1948, 1992, 1994, 2003, 2006
HIFK Helsinki [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1946, 1957, 1969, 2014, 2018
down: 5: 1945, 1949, 1966, 1972, 2017
Koparit (KPT) Kuopio [10 moves]
up: 5: 1937, 1943, 1953, 1971, 1977
down: 5: 1939, 1946, 1954, 1976, 1987
VIFK Vaasa [10 moves]
up: 5: 1934, 1936, 1943, 1957, 1962
down: 5: 1935, 1937, 1956, 1961, 1963
Since 1932.
RC Strasbourg [21 moves]
up: 11: 1934, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1972, 1977, 1988, 1992, 2002, 2007, 2017
down: 10: 1952, 1957, 1960, 1971, 1976, 1986, 1989, 2001, 2006, 2008
FC Metz [18 moves]
up: 9: Foun, 1935, 1951, 1961, 1967, 2003, 2007, 2014, 2016, 2019
down: 9: 1933, 1950, 1958, 1962, 2002, 2006, 2008, 2015, 2018
AS/ES Troyes [17 moves]
up: 9: 1954, 1960, 1973, 1999, 2005, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2021
down: 8: 1956, 1961, 1978, 2003, 2007, 2013, 2016, 2018
Stade Rennais [16 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1945, 1956, 1958, 1976, 1983, 1985, 1990, 1994
down: 8: 1937, 1953, 1957, 1975, 1977, 1984, 1987, 1992
Valenciennes FC [16 moves]
up: 8: 1935, 1937, 1956, 1962, 1972, 1975, 1992, 2006
down: 8: 1936, 1938, 1961, 1971, 1973, 1982, 1993, 2014
RC Lens [15 moves]
up: 8: 1937, 1949, 1973, 1979, 1991, 2009, 2014, 2020
down: 7: 1947, 1968, 1978, 1989, 2008, 2011, 2015
Le Havre AC [14 moves]
up: 7: 1938, 1950, 1959, 1985, 1991, 2002, 2008
down: 7: 1947, 1954, 1962, 1988, 2000, 2003, 2009
Montpellier HSC (SO Montpellier) [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1946, 1952, 1961, 1982, 1987, 2001, 2009
down: 7: 1935, 1950, 1953, 1963, 1983, 2000, 2004
AS Nancy-Lorraine [14 moves]
up: 7: 1970, 1975, 1990, 1996, 1998, 2005, 2016
down: 7: 1974, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2000, 2013, 2017
NB: no connection with FC Nancy (6 moves 1946-1963)
FC Sochaux-Montbéliard [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1947, 1961, 1964, 1988, 1998, 2001
down: 7: 1946, 1960, 1962, 1987, 1995, 1999, 2014
SM Caen [12 moves]
up: 6: 1988, 1996, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2014
down: 6: 1995, 1997, 2005, 2009, 2012, 2019
Lille OSC (Olympique Lillois) [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1957, 1964, 1971, 1974, 1978, 2000
down: 6: 1956, 1959, 1968, 1972, 1977, 1997
OGC Nice [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1948, 1965, 1970, 1985, 1994, 2002
down: 6: 1934, 1964, 1969, 1982, 1991, 1997
SCO Angers [11 moves]
up: 6: 1956, 1969, 1976, 1978, 1993, 2015
down: 5: 1968, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1995
Red Star [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1934, 1939, 1965, 1967, 1974
down: 6: 1933, 1938, 1948, 1966, 1973, 1975
NB: "promotion" 1967 by merger with (absorption of) Toulouse FC.
Nîmes Olympique [10 moves]
up: 5: 1950, 1968, 1983, 1991, 2018
down: 5: 1967, 1981, 1984, 1993, 2021
NB: the current Toulouse FC (8 moves 1982-2020) has no connection with the
Toulouse FC absorbed by Red Star in 1967 (3 moves 1946-1967).
Since 1949. From 1991 on united Germany (FRG). Union Berlin [12 moves] up: 6: 1950, 1966, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1986 down: 6: 1953, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1989 NB: moved once more since 1991, see below. Hansa Rostock [11 moves] up: 6: 1952, 1957, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1987 down: 5: 1956, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1986 NB: moved 5 more times since 1991, see below. NB: also considering moves in united Germany, we obtain the following records: Hansa Rostock [16 moves] up: 8: 1952, 1957, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1987, 1995, 2007 down: 8: 1956, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1986, 1992, 2005, 2008 Union Berlin [13 moves] up: 7: 1950, 1966, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1986, 2019 down: 6: 1953, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1989
Since 1963. 1.FC Nürnberg [17 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2009, 2018 down: 9: 1969, 1979, 1984, 1994, 1999, 2003, 2008, 2014, 2019 DSC Arminia Bielefeld [15 moves] up: 8: 1970, 1978, 1980, 1996, 1999, 2002, 2004, 2020 down: 7: 1972, 1979, 1985, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2009 VfL Bochum [13 moves] up: 7: 1971, 1994, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2021 down: 6: 1993, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2010 Fortuna Düsseldorf [12 moves] up: 6: 1966, 1971, 1989, 1995, 2012, 2018 down: 6: 1967, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2013, 2020 Hannover 96 [12 moves] up: 6: 1965, 1975, 1985, 1987, 2002, 2017 down: 6: 1974, 1976, 1986, 1989, 2016, 2019 Hertha BSC [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1968, 1982, 1990, 1997, 2011, 2013 down: 6: 1965, 1980, 1983, 1991, 2010, 2012 1.FC Köln [12 moves] up: 6: Foun, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2014, 2019 down: 6: 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2012, 2018 Karlsruher SC [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1975, 1980, 1984, 1987, 2007 down: 6: 1968, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1998, 2009 MSV Duisburg (Meidericher SV) [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1991, 1993, 1996, 2005, 2007 down: 6: 1982, 1992, 1995, 2000, 2006, 2008 FC Sankt Pauli [10 moves] up: 5: 1977, 1988, 1995, 2001, 2010 down: 5: 1978, 1991, 1997, 2002, 2011 KFC Uerdingen (Bayer Uerdingen) [10 moves] up: 5: 1975, 1979, 1983, 1992, 1994 down: 5: 1976, 1981, 1991, 1993, 1996 SC Freiburg [9 moves] up: 5: 1993, 1998, 2003, 2009, 2016 down: 4: 1997, 2002, 2005, 2015 Eintracht Frankfurt [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2012 down: 4: 1997, 2001, 2004, 2011 Offenbacher FC Kickers [8 moves] up: 4: 1968, 1970, 1972, 1983 down: 4: 1969, 1971, 1976, 1984 NB: also considering moves in East Germany, we additionally obtain: Hansa Rostock [16 moves] up: 8: 1952, 1957, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1987, 1995, 2007 down: 8: 1956, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1986, 1992, 2005, 2008 Union Berlin [13 moves] up: 7: 1950, 1966, 1970, 1976, 1982, 1986, 2019 down: 6: 1953, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1989
Since 1958; no promotion or relegation until 1961. Mysterious Dwarfs (Cape Coast) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1985, 1987, 1992, 2004, 2010, 2015 down: 7: 1981, 1986, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2014, 2021 All Blacks (Swedru) [10 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1969, 1973, 1997, 2005 down: 5: 1963, 1971, 1978, 1999, 2009 Standfast (Accra) [10 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1966, 1975, 1981, 1986 down: 5: 1963, 1968, 1976, 1983, 1989 Venomonous Vipers (Cape Coast) [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1970, 1983, 1985, 1989 down: 5: 1969, 1972, 1984, 1987, 1990
Since 1959. Panahaďki [16 moves] up: 8: 1969, 1971, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1990, 1995, 1999 down: 8: 1970, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1994, 1998, 2003 Panserraďkos [16 moves] up: 8: 1965, 1972, 1980, 1985, 1987, 1989, 2008, 2010 down: 8: 1971, 1979, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1992, 2009, 2011 PAS Giannina [15 moves] up: 8: 1974, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2002, 2009, 2011, 2020 down: 7: 1984, 1987, 1991, 2001, 2003, 2010, 2018 Apollon [14 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1970, 1973, 1975, 1988, 2013, 2017, 2020 down: 7: 1969, 1972, 1974, 1987, 2000, 2014, 2019 Veria [14 moves] up: 7: 1966, 1970, 1977, 1986, 1996, 2007, 2012 down: 7: 1969, 1972, 1978, 1988, 1999, 2008, 2017 Aigaleo [10 moves] up: 5: 1961, 1965, 1977, 1983, 2001 down: 5: 1964, 1975, 1979, 1985, 2007 Kavala [10 moves] up: 5: 1969, 1976, 1994, 1996, 2009 down: 5: 1975, 1982, 1995, 2000, 2011 Kerkyra [10 moves] up: 5: 2004, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2016 down: 5: 2005, 2007, 2013, 2015, 2018 Levadiakos [10 moves] up: 5: 1987, 1993, 2005, 2007, 2011 down: 5: 1991, 1995, 2006, 2010, 2019 Olympiakos Volos [10 moves] up: 5: 1967, 1969, 1971, 1988, 2010 down: 5: 1968, 1970, 1975, 1990, 2011
Since 1945. Hong Kong FC [31 moves] up: 16: 1947, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1986, 1988, 1993, 1995, 2001, 2006, 2010, 2016, 2021 down: 15: 1958, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1978, 1981, 1987, 1992, 1994, 1996, 2003, 2007, 2011, 2017 Police [14 moves] up: 7: 1947, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1986, 1988, 1991 down: 7: 1974, 1976, 1979, 1981, 1987, 1990, 1992
Since 1901.
Haladás (Szombathely) [27 moves]
up: 14: 1936, 1939, 1942, 1945, 1962, 1966, 1973, 1981, 1991, 1993, 1995, 2001, 2003, 2008
down: 13: 1937, 1941, 1943, 1960, 1963, 1972, 1979, 1990, 1992, 1994, 2000, 2002, 2004/06, 2019
NB: includes relegation 'within' the two-stage 2000/01 season;
Haladás merged in summer 2004 with Pápa who took over their top level place,
the Szombathely team continuing at the 2nd level; Pápa were relegated in 2006,
while Haladás returned in 2008
Szeged LC (Szeged SC, SZEOL AK) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1950, 1956, 1959, 1966, 1970, 1972, 1975, 1981, 1983, 1990, 1999
down: 11: 1954, 1958, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1991, 2000
Diosgyőri VTK (Miskolc) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1940, 1950, 1953, 1957, 1963, 1966, 1974, 1991, 1997, 2004, 2011
down: 11: 1944, 1952, 1955, 1961, 1965, 1973, 1984, 1993, 2000, 2010, 2021
Debreceni VSC [17 moves]
up: 9: 1943, 1949, 1960, 1962, 1979, 1984, 1989, 1993, 2021
down: 8: 1948, 1950, 1961, 1964, 1983, 1988, 1991, 2020
Since 1912; no proper promotion or relegation until 1955.
Ţróttur (Reykjavík) [23 moves]
up: 11: 1952, 1958, 1963, 1965, 1975, 1977, 1982, 1997, 2002, 2004, 2007, 2015
down: 12: 1955, 1959, 1964, 1966, 1976, 1980, 1985, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2016
Víkingur (Reykjavík) [18 moves]
up: 9: 1918, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1987, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2010, 2013
down: 9: 1956, 1970, 1972, 1985, 1993, 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011
Breiđablik (Kópavogur) (UBK) [15 moves]
up: 8: 1970, 1975, 1979, 1985, 1990, 1993, 1998, 2005
down: 7: 1973, 1978, 1984, 1986, 1992, 1996, 2001
Ţor (Akureyri) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1976, 1980, 1982, 1991, 2001, 2010, 2012
down: 7: 1977, 1981, 1990, 1994, 2002, 2011, 2014
Keflavík [13 moves]
up: 7: 1957, 1962, 1981, 1992, 2003, 2017, 2020
down: 6: 1960, 1980, 1989, 2002, 2015, 2018
ÍBV (Vestmannćyjar) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1967, 1976, 1985, 1989, 2008, 2021
down: 5: 1975, 1983, 1986, 2006, 2019
KA (Akureyri) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1977, 1980, 1983, 1986, 2001, 2016
down: 5: 1979, 1982, 1984, 1992, 2004
Fram (Reykjavík) [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1966, 1983, 1996, 2006, 2021
down: 5: 1965, 1982, 1995, 2005, 2014
Fylkir (Reykjavík) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1988, 1992, 1995, 1999, 2017
down: 5: 1989, 1993, 1996, 2016, 2021
NB: the two Akureyri clubs Ţor and KA were twice promoted together to the top
level (1980, 2001) but never relegated together out of it; in 1977 and 1982
they went opposite directions; the two clubs also celebrated simultaneous
promotion from the third to the second level in 1975; until 1974, the two
had combined to form ÍBA (Akureyri), a club which was promoted to the top
level on 4 occasions (and relegated as often) between 1955 and 1974.
Since 1951; no proper promotion or relegation until 1978.
Persema (Malang) [8 moves]
up: 4: 1983, 1990, 2004, 2009
down: 4: 1985, 2002, 2007, 2010
NB: Persema reached the final rounds of the championship on 9 occasions prior
to the introduction of a formal second level in 1978; in 2010, they were
not relegated but left the LSI to join the breakaway LPI for the 2010/11
season from which they were disqualified in 2013, denying them the chance
to regain their top flight status.
Persibaya/Persebaya (Surabaya) [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2017
down: 4: 2002, 2005, 2007, 2010
NB: a club named Persebaya were promoted in 2013 but in 2015 they were denied
the right to that name and transformed into Bhayangkara FC, relocating on
several occasions and now (2021) playing in Jakarta (of all places).
Persita (Tangerang) [7 moves]
up: 4: 1988, 2000, 2012, 2019
down: 3: 1999, 2009, 2014
PSMS (Medan) [7 moves]
up: 3: 1952, 2003, 2011, 2017
down: 4: 2002, 2009, 2012, 2018
NB: PSMS played in all final rounds of the championship between 1952 (first
ever entry) and 1978 (introduction of a formal second level).
Persiraja (Banda Aceh) [6 moves]
up: 3: 1973, 1992, 2006, 2019
down: 3: 1987, 2001, 2007
NB: Persiraja played in all final rounds of the championship between 1973
(first ever entry) and 1978 (introduction of a formal second level).
PSIM (Yogyakarta) [6 moves]
up: 3: 1992, 1997, 2005
down: 3: 1995, 2000, 2007
NB: PSIM reached the final rounds of the championship on 2 occasions prior to
the introduction of a formal second level in 1978.
Since 1921; no proper promotion or relegation until 1985.
Drogheda United [17 moves]
up: 9: 1963, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2016, 2020
down: 8: 1985, 1990, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2015, 2017
University College Dublin [13 moves]
up: 7: 1979, 1989, 1995, 2004, 2009, 2018, 2021
down: 6: 1986, 1990, 2003, 2008, 2014, 2019
Bray Wanderers [12 moves]
up: 6: 1986, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2004
down: 6: 1988, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2018
Waterford United (Waterford) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1930, 1990, 1992, 1998, 2003, 2017
down: 6: 1989, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2007, 2021
NB: Waterford United did not play at the top level in 1932/33 and 1933/34, and
from 1941/42 to 1944/45 (due to World War II).
Finn Harps [11 moves]
up: 6: 1969, 1996, 2004, 2007, 2015, 2018
down: 5: 1985, 2001, 2005, 2008, 2017
Sligo Rovers [11 moves]
up: 6: 1934, 1963, 1986, 1990, 1994, 2005
down: 5: 1962, 1985, 1988, 1993, 2000
NB: Sligo Rovers did not play at the top level from 1940/41 to 1947/48 (due to
World War II); they were not re-elected in 1962 (along with Transport) but
returned after one season.
Athlone Town [10 moves]
up: 5: 1922, 1969, 1988, 1994, 2013
down: 5: 1928, 1987, 1992, 1996, 2014
Since 1949.
Hapoel Kfar-Saba [22 moves]
up: 11: 1952, 1957, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1995, 2002, 2005, 2015, 2019
down: 11: 1956, 1959, 1977, 1983, 1991, 1994, 2000, 2003, 2008, 2017, 2021
Beitar Tel-Aviv [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1964, 1969, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1994
down: 7: 1961, 1966, 1980, 1982, 1985, 1993, 1996
Hapoel Ramat-Gan [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1963, 1980, 1982, 1989, 2009, 2012
down: 7: 1960, 1969, 1981, 1983, 1990, 2011, 2013
Bnei-Yehuda Tel-Aviv [12 moves]
up: 6: 1959, 1973, 1978, 1985, 2002, 2015
down: 6: 1972, 1976, 1984, 2001, 2014, 2021
Hakoah Maccabi Ramat-Gan [12 moves]
up: 6: 1959, 1962, 1979, 1983, 2006, 2008
down: 6: 1960, 1978, 1980, 1985, 2007, 2009
Maccabi Petah-Tikva [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1969, 1972, 1978, 1991, 2013, 2020
down: 6: 1966, 1971, 1977, 1988, 2012, 2019
Hapoel Jerusalem [10 moves]
up: 5: 1957, 1980, 1985, 1988, 1996
down: 5: 1979, 1983, 1986, 1992, 2000
NB: founded in 1926 and dissolved in 2019 due to financial problems; not
directly related to the Hapoel Jerusalem club promoted in 2021 but
founded 2007 as Hapoel Katamon by unhappy fans of the original club.
Hapoel Tsafririm Holon [10 moves]
up: 5: 1970, 1987, 1990, 1998, 2000
down: 5: 1971, 1989, 1997, 1999, 2001
Maccabi Netanya [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1964, 1999, 2005, 2014, 2017
down: 5: 1962, 1995, 2004, 2013, 2016
Beitar Jerusalem [9 moves]
up: 5: 1954, 1959, 1968, 1981, 1992
down: 4: 1955, 1960, 1980, 1991
Hapoel Hadera [9 moves]
up: 5: 1954, 1970, 1973, 1977, 2018
down: 4: 1955, 1972, 1976, 1979
Hapoel Petah-Tikva [9 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1979, 1984, 2008, 2014
down: 5: 1976, 1982, 1987, 2012, 2015
Hapoel Rishon-LeZion [9 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1978, 1980, 1994, 2011
down: 5: 1952, 1979, 1982, 2003, 2012
Maccabi Jaffa [8 moves]
up: 4: 1955, 1971, 1995, 1998
down: 4: 1970, 1987, 1996, 1999
Since 1929.
Atalanta [23 moves]
up: 12: 1937, 1940, 1959, 1971, 1977, 1985, 1988, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2011
down: 11: 1938, 1958, 1969, 1973, 1979, 1987, 1994, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2010
Brescia [23 moves]
up: 11: Foun, 1933, 1946, 1965, 1969, 1980, 1986, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2010
down: 12: 1932, 1936, 1947, 1968, 1970, 1981, 1987, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2011
Bari [22 moves]
up: 11: 1931, 1935, 1942, 1958, 1963, 1969, 1985, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2009
down: 11: 1933, 1941, 1950, 1961, 1964, 1970, 1986, 1992, 1996, 2001, 2011
Hellas Verona [19 moves]
up: 10: 1957, 1968, 1975, 1982, 1991, 1996, 1999, 2013, 2017, 2019
down: 9: 1958, 1974, 1979, 1990, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2016, 2018
Lecce [18 moves]
up: 9: 1985, 1988, 1993, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2008, 2010, 2019
down: 9: 1986, 1991, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2020
(Cittŕ di) Palermo [18 moves]
up: 9: 1932, 1948, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1968, 1972, 2004, 2014
down: 9: 1936, 1954, 1957, 1960, 1963, 1970, 1973, 2013, 2017
NB: formally, Cittŕ di Palermo are a new club founded in 1987 after Palermo had
been refused a license for the Serie B in 1986.
Genoa 1893 [16 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1935, 1953, 1962, 1973, 1976, 1981, 1989, 2007
down: 8: 1934, 1951, 1960, 1965, 1974, 1978, 1984, 1995
Empoli [13 moves]
up: 7: 1986, 1997, 2002, 2005, 2014, 2018, 2021
down: 6: 1988, 1999, 2004, 2008, 2017, 2019
Livorno [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1933, 1937, 1940, 2004, 2009, 2013
down: 7: 1931, 1935, 1939, 1949, 2008, 2010, 2014
Venezia [13 moves]
up: 7: 1939, 1949, 1961, 1966, 1998, 2001, 2021
down: 6: 1947, 1950, 1963, 1967, 2000, 2002
Napoli [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1945, 1950, 1962, 1965, 2000, 2007
down: 6: 1942, 1948, 1961, 1963, 1998, 2001
(Delfino) Pescara [12 moves]
up: 6: 1977, 1979, 1987, 1992, 2012, 2015
down: 6: 1978, 1980, 1989, 1993, 2013, 2016
Torino [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1960, 1990, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2012
down: 6: 1959, 1989, 1996, 2000, 2003, 2009
Cagliari [11 moves]
up: 6: 1964, 1979, 1990, 1998, 2004, 2016
down: 5: 1976, 1983, 1997, 2000, 2015
Modena [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1938, 1941, 1943, 1962, 2002
down: 6: 1932, 1940, 1942, 1949, 1964, 2004
Udinese [11 moves]
up: 6: 1950, 1956, 1979, 1989, 1992, 1995
down: 5: 1955, 1962, 1987, 1990, 1994
Ascoli [10 moves]
up: 5: 1974, 1978, 1986, 1991, 2005
down 5: 1976, 1985, 1990, 1992, 2007
Catania [10 moves]
up: 5: 1954, 1960, 1970, 1983, 2006
down: 5: 1955, 1966, 1971, 1984, 2014
Cesena [10 moves]
up: 5: 1973, 1981, 1987, 2010, 2014
down: 5: 1977, 1983, 1991, 2012, 2015
Como [10 moves]
up: 5: 1949, 1975, 1980, 1984, 2002
down: 5: 1953, 1976, 1982, 1989, 2003
Foggia [10 moves]
up: 5: 1964, 1970, 1973, 1976, 1991
down: 5: 1967, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1995
Lazio [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1963, 1969, 1972, 1983, 1988
down: 5: 1961, 1967, 1971, 1980, 1985
Pisa [10 moves]
up: 5: 1968, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1990
down: 5: 1969, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1991
Vicenza [10 moves]
up: 5: 1942, 1955, 1977, 1995, 2000
down: 5: 1948, 1975, 1979, 1999, 2001
Since 1965; the 1992 moves (marked *) were due to the formation of a new professional league and were determined by election rather than league position. Consadole Sapporo (Toshiba) [11 moves] up: 6: 1989, 1997, 2000, 2007, 2011, 2016 down: 5: 1992*, 1998, 2002, 2008, 2012 Shonan Bellmare (Towa Estate, Fujita, Bellmare Hiratsuka) [11 moves] up: 6: 1971, 1993, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 down: 5: 1990, 1999, 2010, 2013, 2016 Kashiwa Reysol (Hitachi) [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1989, 1991, 1994, 2010, 2019 down: 5: 1987, 1990, 1992*, 2009, 2018 Avispa Fukuoka [9 moves] up: 5: 1995, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 down: 4: 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 Jubilo Iwata (Yamaha) [9 moves] up: 5: 1979, 1982, 1993, 2015, 2021 down: 4: 1981, 1992*, 2013, 2019 Kyoto (Purple) Sanga [9 moves] up: 5: 1995, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2021 down: 4: 2000, 2003, 2006, 2010 Cerezo Osaka (Yanmar Diesel) [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1994, 2002, 2009, 2016 down: 4: 1991, 2001, 2006, 2014 Nagoya Grampus Eight (Toyota) [7 moves] up: 4: 1972, 1987, 1990, 2017 down: 3: 1977, 1988, 2016 NKK (Nippon Kokan) [6 moves] up: 3: 1966, 1981, 1983 down: 3: 1979, 1982, 1991 Oita Trinita [6 moves] up: 3: 2002, 2012, 2018 down: 3: 2009, 2013, 2021 Ventforet Kofu [6 moves] up: 3: 2005, 2010, 2012 down: 3: 2007, 2011, 2017
Since 1996. The first league since separation from Yugoslavia was held in 1991/92, but the top level was then split into four regional groups until 1995/96. In 1997/98 and 1998/99 no league was held due to war. Ferizaj [12 moves] up: 6: 1999, 2002, 2008, 2013, 2016, 2018 down: 6: 2001, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2017, 2020 Liria Prizren [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2004, 2009, 2015 down: 4: 2003, 2007, 2013, 2019 Vëllaznimi Gjakovë [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2002, 2014, 2017 down: 4: 2001, 2013, 2015, 2018 Vushtrria (Kosova Vushtrri) [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2006, 2012, 2019 down: 4: 2004, 2010, 2016, 2020 Dukagjini Klinë [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2001, 2019, 2021 down: 3: 1997, 2003, 2020 Gjilani (Gjilani 95) [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2005, 2011, 2015 down: 3: 2004, 2010, 2012 KEK-u Kastrioti [6 moves] up: 3: 2003, 2009, 2018 down: 3: 2008, 2012, 2019 Drita Gjilan [5 moves] up: 3: 1999, 2007, 2011 down: 2: 2005, 2009 NB: none of the above clubs ever played at the highest level in Yugoslavia.
Since 1910.
US Rumelange [26 moves]
up: 13: 1920, 1949, 1960, 1964, 1982, 1987, 1996, 1999, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2018
down: 13: 1921, 1950, 1962, 1980, 1985, 1988, 1998, 2004, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2017, 2019
NB: also entered 1909/10 season.
CS Pétange [22 moves]
up: 11: 1913, 1917, 1945, 1948, 1965, 1986, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2004, 2009
down: 11: 1914, 1918, 1947, 1949, 1968, 1987, 1989, 1996, 1999, 2008, 2013
NB: CS Pétange merged 2015 with FC Titus Lamadelaine into Union Titus Pétange,
who were promoted 2016 and not relegated since.
Stade Dudelange [22 moves]
up: 11: 1915, 1919, 1927, 1930, 1932, 1936, 1969, 1973, 1975, 1979, 1982
down: 11: 1916, 1926, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1968, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1981, 1986
Fola Esch [19 moves]
up: 10: 1915, 1935, 1945, 1951, 1959, 1968, 1972, 1989, 1992, 2008
down: 9: 1934, 1939, 1950, 1958, 1963, 1969, 1976, 1991, 1994
FC Rodange (Chiers) [19 moves]
up: 10: 1938, 1950, 1955, 1957, 1960, 1975, 1995, 2000, 2017, 2019
down: 9: 1947, 1951, 1956, 1959, 1961, 1980, 1997, 2001, 2018
F'91 Dudelange (Alliance) [17 moves]
up: 9: 1952, 1954, 1961, 1970, 1974, 1980, 1984, 1989, 1992
down: 8: 1953, 1960, 1966, 1972, 1979, 1983, 1988, 1990
NB: after the merger of Stade, Alliance, and US Dudelange, F'91 Dudelange took over
Alliance's place in the second division.
Progres Niedercorn [17 moves]
up: 9: 1926, 1928, 1936, 1963, 1967, 1974, 1990, 2001, 2006
down: 8: 1927, 1935, 1960, 1964, 1972, 1989, 1991, 2003
Aris Bonnevoie [16 moves]
up: 8: 1926, 1931, 1934, 1959, 1978, 1987, 1989, 1998
down: 8: 1927, 1932, 1937, 1977, 1986, 1988, 1997, 2000
FC Wiltz '71 [15 moves]
up: 8: 1981, 1986, 1991, 1994, 2002, 2010, 2012, 2020
down: 7: 1985, 1987, 1992, 2001, 2008, 2011, 2016
US Dudelange [14 moves]
up: 7: 1924, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1953, 1957, 1961
down: 7: 1925, 1930, 1932, 1951, 1954, 1958, 1970
CS Grevenmacher [14 moves]
up: 7: 1949, 1953, 1956, 1968, 1970, 1976, 1985
down: 7: 1950, 1955, 1962, 1969, 1971, 1984, 2016
Etzella Ettelbruck [13 moves]
up: 7: 1971, 1983, 1992, 2000, 2003, 2012, 2018
down: 6: 1981, 1984, 1993, 2002, 2011, 2016
The National Schifflange [12 moves]
up: 6: 1921, 1930, 1935, 1937, 1958, 1971
down: 6: 1922, 1934, 1936, 1957, 1965, 1974
NB: merged 1995 with AS Schifflange into FC Schifflange '95, who were once promoted to
top level (in 1999) and relegated after one season.
Since 1909; no proper promotion or relegation until 1946.
Birkirkara United (now Birkirkara) [21 moves]
up: 11: 1949, 1952, 1961, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1990
down: 10: 1950, 1960, 1963, 1966, 1969, 1976, 1981, 1984, 1986, 1989
Saint Georges [19 moves]
up: 9: 1945, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1966, 1972, 1974, 1992, 1994, 2006
down: 10: 1953, 1955, 1958, 1964, 1969, 1973, 1980, 1993, 1995, 2007
Rabat Ajax [16 moves]
up: 8: 1951, 1962, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1995, 1998, 2012
down: 8: 1959, 1965, 1987, 1989, 1994, 1997, 2001, 2014
Marsa [14 moves]
up: 7: 1956, 1958, 1970, 1977, 1984, 2001, 2006
down: 7: 1957, 1961, 1976, 1981, 1985, 2003, 2007
Saint Patrick [14 moves]
up: 7: 1950, 1960, 1972, 1983, 1995, 1998, 2004
down: 7: 1952, 1962, 1973, 1984, 1996, 1999, 2005
Hamrun Spartans [13 moves]
up: 7: 1946, 1971, 1976, 2000, 2005, 2007, 2016
down: 6: 1970, 1974, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2013
Qormi [12 moves]
up: 6: 1967, 1969, 1973, 1978, 2008, 2018
down: 6: 1968, 1972, 1974, 1980, 2016, 2019
Zebbug Rangers [12 moves]
up: 6: 1970, 1973, 1979, 1982, 1989, 2014
down: 6: 1972, 1977, 1980, 1983, 1990, 2015
Lija Athletic [10 moves]
up: 5: 1996, 2001, 2004, 2017, 2020
down: 5: 1997, 2002, 2005, 2018, 2021
Naxxar Lions [10 moves]
up: 5: 1946, 1988, 1994, 2013, 2017
down: 5: 1949, 1991, 2002, 2016, 2018
Since 1943. Zacatepec [10 moves] up: 5: 1951, 1963, 1970, 1978, 1984 down: 5: 1962, 1966, 1977, 1983, 1985
Since 2006.
Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje [7 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 2008, 2012, 2016
down: 4: 2007, 2009, 2013, 2017
Berane [7 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 2009, 2011, 2014
down: 4: 2007, 2010, 2012, 2015
Mornar Bar [7 moves]
up: 4: 2009, 2012, 2018, 2021
down: 3: 2011, 2016, 2019
Bokelj Kotor [6 moves]
up: 3: 2007, 2011, 2014
down: 3: 2008, 2012, 2017
Decic Tuzi [6 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 2013, 2015, 2020
down: 3: 2012, 2014, 2018
Kom Podgorica [5 moves]
up: 2: Foun, 2017, 2019
down: 3: 2010, 2018, 2020
NB: also considering moves in Yugoslavia and Serbia-Montenegro, we obtain
the following records:
Sutjeska Niksic [13 moves]
up: 7: 1964, 1966, 1971, 1984, 1991, 1999, 2006
down: 6: 1965, 1967, 1973, 1988, 1995, 2005
Buducnost Titograd [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1948, 1955, 1962, 1975, 2004
down: 5: 1947, 1950, 1960, 1963, 2001
Berane [8 moves]
up: 4: 2006, 2009, 2011, 2014
down: 4: 2007, 2010, 2012, 2015
Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje [8 moves]
up: 4: 2005, 2008, 2012, 2016
down: 4: 2007, 2009, 2013, 2017
Kom Podgorica [8 moves]
up: 4: 2003, 2006, 2017, 2019
down: 4: 2004, 2010, 2018, 2020
Mogren Budva [8 moves]
up: 4: 1992, 1998, 2002, 2006
down: 4: 1994, 2000, 2003, 2015
Since 1956. MA Tétouan [17 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1990, 1995, 2005 down: 9: 1957, 1963, 1966, 1971, 1977, 1981, 1991, 1997, 2021 Raja Béni Mellal [14 moves] up: 7: 1966, 1969, 1977, 1991, 1998, 2012, 2019 down: 7: 1968, 1976, 1981, 1993, 2002, 2013, 2020 KAC Marrakech [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1970, 1973, 1978, 1985, 2006, 2013 down: 7: 1968, 1972, 1976, 1980, 2005, 2011, 2019 AS Salé [12 moves] up: 6: 1969, 1973, 1984, 2003, 2008, 2013 down: 6: 1970, 1982, 1987, 2007, 2010, 2014 COD Meknčs [12 moves] up: 6: 1964, 1968, 1975, 1988, 1994, 2011 down: 6: 1966, 1969, 1987, 1989, 2008, 2013 SCC Mohammédia [11 moves] up: 6: 1961, 1985, 1993, 2002, 2008, 2020 down: 5: 1984, 1988, 2001, 2006, 2009 EJS Casablanca [10 moves] up: 5: 1958, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1976 down: 5: 1962, 1964, 1970, 1972, 1979 US Sidi Kacem [10 moves] up: 5: 1967, 1978, 1983, 1993, 1995 down: 5: 1977, 1982, 1991, 1994, 1997 IR Tanger [9 moves] up: 5: 1962, 1987, 1997, 2001, 2015 down: 4: 1963, 1996, 1998, 2007 Kénitra AC [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1966, 1976, 2002, 2007 down: 5: 1965, 1974, 1995, 2004, 2017 TAS Casablanca [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1960, 1964, 1972, 1990 down: 5: 1959, 1962, 1971, 1978, 1992 DH Jadidi [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1966, 1988, 1994, 2005 down: 4: 1960, 1987, 1993, 1999 FUS Rabat [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1962, 1998, 2007, 2009 down: 4: 1961, 1995, 2003, 2008 IZ Khémisset [8 moves] up: 4: 1972, 2000, 2011, 2014 down: 4: 1974, 2010, 2012, 2015 MC Oujda [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1992, 2003, 2015, 2018 down: 4: 1988, 1999, 2009, 2016 RS Settat [8 moves] up: 4: 1965, 1980, 1989, 1999 down: 4: 1979, 1988, 1998, 2004 Union Touarga Sport [8 moves] up: 4: 1980, 1982, 1986, 2004 down: 4: 1981, 1983, 1987, 2006
Since 1956.
De Graafschap [18 moves]
up: 9: 1973, 1981, 1991, 1995, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2015, 2018
down: 9: 1977, 1982, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2012, 2016, 2019
FC Volendam [18 moves]
up: 9: 1959, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1977, 1983, 1987, 2003, 2008
down: 9: 1960, 1964, 1969, 1972, 1979, 1985, 1998, 2004, 2009
Excelsior [16 moves]
up: 8: 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014
down: 8: 1973, 1976, 1981, 1987, 2003, 2008, 2012, 2019
VVV-Venlo (VVV, FC VVV) [15 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1976, 1985, 1991, 1993, 2007, 2009, 2017
down: 8: 1962, 1979, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2008, 2013, 2021
FC Den Bosch (BVV) [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1971, 1983, 1992, 1999, 2001, 2004
down: 7: 1958, 1973, 1990, 1993, 2000, 2002, 2005
NEC [13 moves]
up: 7: 1967, 1975, 1985, 1989, 1994, 2015, 2021
down: 6: 1974, 1983, 1986, 1991, 2014, 2017
Willem II [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1958, 1965, 1979, 1987, 2012, 2014
down: 6: 1957, 1963, 1967, 1984, 2011, 2013
NAC Breda (NAC) [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1966, 1984, 1993, 2000, 2017
down: 6: 1965, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2015, 2019
ADO Den Haag (ADO, FC Den Haag) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1957, 1986, 1989, 2003, 2008
down: 5: 1982, 1988, 1992, 2007, 2021
FC Dordrecht (DFC, DS '79, Dordrecht '90) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1983, 1987, 1991, 1994, 2014
down: 5: 1984, 1988, 1993, 1995, 2015
NB: "promotion" 1991 by merger with SVV.
AZ (Alkmaar, AZ '67) [9 moves]
up: 5: 1960, 1968, 1972, 1996, 1998
down: 4: 1961, 1971, 1988, 1997
Go Ahead (Eagles) [9 moves]
up: 5: 1963, 1992, 2013, 2016, 2021
down: 4: 1987, 1996, 2015, 2017
MVV [9 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1978, 1984, 1988, 1997
down: 5: 1976, 1982, 1986, 1995, 2000
FC Groningen (GVAV) [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1960, 1971, 1980, 2000
down: 4: 1958, 1970, 1974, 1998
Haarlem [8 moves]
up: 4: 1969, 1972, 1976, 1981
down: 4: 1971, 1975, 1980, 1990
NB: if we consider the regional first classes since 1888, the record is held by Excelsior:
Excelsior [24 moves]
up: 12: 1923, 1933, 1946, 1952, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014
down: 12: 1931, 1938, 1948, 1956, 1973, 1976, 1981, 1987, 2003, 2008, 2012, 2019
De Graafschap [18 moves]
up: 9: 1973, 1981, 1991, 1995, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2015, 2018
down: 9: 1977, 1982, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2012, 2016, 2019
FC Volendam [18 moves]
up: 9: 1959, 1961, 1967, 1970, 1977, 1983, 1987, 2003, 2008
down: 9: 1960, 1964, 1969, 1972, 1979, 1985, 1998, 2004, 2009
VVV-Venlo (VVV, FC VVV) [17 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1945, 1976, 1985, 1991, 1993, 2007, 2009, 2017
down: 9: 1922, 1962, 1979, 1989, 1992, 1994, 2008, 2013, 2021
NB: foundation southern first class in 1913
NEC [15 moves]
up: 8: 1936, 1967, 1975, 1985, 1989, 1994, 2015, 2021
down: 7: 1955, 1974, 1983, 1986, 1991, 2014, 2017
FC Den Bosch (BVV) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1920, 1971, 1983, 1992, 1999, 2001, 2004
down: 7: 1958, 1973, 1990, 1993, 2000, 2002, 2005
Haarlem [14 moves]
up: 7: 1897, 1929, 1932, 1969, 1972, 1976, 1981
down: 7: 1926, 1930, 1955, 1971, 1975, 1980, 1990
Willem II [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1937, 1958, 1965, 1979, 1987, 2012, 2014
down: 7: 1935, 1957, 1963, 1967, 1984, 2011, 2013
NB: foundation southern first class in 1913
Go Ahead Eagles (Go Ahead) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1911, 1942, 1963, 1992, 2013, 2016, 2021
down: 6: 1941, 1955, 1987, 1996, 2015, 2017
ADO Den Haag (ADO, FC Den Haag) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1927, 1957, 1986, 1989, 2003, 2008
down: 6: 1956, 1982, 1988, 1992, 2007, 2021
FC Dordrecht (DFC, DS '79, Dordrecht '90) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1904, 1983, 1987, 1991, 1994, 2014
down: 6: 1949, 1984, 1988, 1993, 1995, 2015
NB: "promotion" 1991 by merger with SVV.
NAC Breda (NAC) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1915, 1966, 1984, 1993, 2000, 2017
down: 6: 1965, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2015, 2019
Vitesse [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1923, 1946, 1950, 1971, 1977, 1989
down: 6: 1922, 1935, 1948, 1956, 1972, 1980
NB: foundation eastern first class in 1896
PEC Zwolle (PEC) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1929, 1941, 1978, 1986, 2002, 2012
down: 5: 1938, 1946, 1985, 1989, 2004
Sparta Rotterdam (Sparta) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1893, 1902, 1922, 2005, 2016, 2019
down: 5: 1901, 1921, 2002, 2010, 2018
Since 1992.
Makedonija Skopje [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1995, 2005, 2013, 2016, 2018
down: 5: 1994, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2017
NB: after withdrawing from the top level during the 2009/10 season, Makedonija took
over Treska Sisevo to enter the third level in 2010/11.
Bregalnica Stip [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1996, 2004, 2010, 2021
down: 4: 1993, 1998, 2007, 2017
Napredok Kicevo [8 moves]
up: 4: 1999, 2001, 2006, 2010
down: 4: 2000, 2005, 2009, 2014
Pelister Bitola [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 2006, 2012, 2016, 2020
down: 4: 2003, 2011, 2015, 2018
Belasica Strumica [7 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 2000, 2018, 2020
down: 4: 1998, 2006, 2019, 2021
Skhendia Tetovo [7 moves]
up: 4: 1996, 2000, 2004, 2010
down: 3: 1997, 2001, 2008
Skopje [7 moves]
up: 4: 1997, 2010, 2017, 2021
down: 3: 1999, 2011, 2018
NB: also considering moves in Yugoslavia, we obtain the following records:
Vardar Skopje [15 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1963, 1971, 1979, 1991
down: 8: 1948, 1955, 1959, 1962, 1970, 1976, 1990, 2011, 2021
NB: Vardar Skopje were relegated in 2011 but remained at the first level after a
"merger" with promoted side Miravci.
Makedonija Skopje [11 moves]
up: 6: 1992, 1995, 2005, 2013, 2016, 2018
down: 5: 1994, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2017
NB: after withdrawing from the top level during the 2009/10 season, Makedonija took
over Treska Sisevo to enter the third level in 2010/11.
Since 1955. Gençlik Gücü [19 moves] up: 9: Foun, 1970, 1986, 1989, 1991, 2000, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016 down: 10: 1969, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1998, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2014, 2020 Yalova [18 moves] up: 9: 1957, 1971, 1973, 1977, 1980, 1987, 1993, 2013, 2016 down: 9: 1959, 1972, 1976, 1978, 1981, 1992, 2002, 2014, 2018 Baf Ülkü Yurdu [16 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1961, 1981, 1985, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2016 down: 8: 1957, 1980, 1984, 1995, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005 Gençler Birligi (Demir Spor) [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1975, 1981, 1992, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2014 down: 8: 1973, 1976, 1988, 1998, 2001, 2005, 2008, 2019 Lefke [13 moves] up: 7: 1962, 1972, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1995, 2010 down: 6: 1971, 1977, 1983, 1989, 1992, 2003 Yeni Bogaziçi [12 moves] up: 6: 1995, 1998, 2000, 2004, 2013, 2017 down: 6: 1996, 1999, 2002, 2009, 2016, 2018 Binatli [11 moves] up: 6: 1976, 1984, 1996, 2000, 2008, 2015 down: 5: 1979, 1994, 1999, 2007, 2009 Dumlupinar [11 moves] up: 6: 1977, 1979, 1990, 1994, 2016, 2020 down: 5: 1978, 1987, 1991, 2000, 2017
Since 1890; for a long time, there was no institutionalised relegation.
Ards [8 moves]
up: 4: 1923, 2001, 2013, 2016
down: 4: 1998, 2006, 2014, 2019
Institute [8 moves]
up: 4: 2002, 2007, 2014, 2018
down: 4: 2006, 2010, 2015, 2020
Carrick Rangers [7 moves]
up: 4: 1983, 2011, 2015, 2019
down: 3: 1995, 2012, 2018
Newry Town/City [7 moves]
up: 4: 1923, 1983, 1998, 2018
down: 3: WWII, 1995, 2011, 2019
Larne [6 moves]
up: 4: 1923, 1972, 2003, 2019
down: 2: WWII, 1995, 2008
Omagh Town [6 moves]
up: 3: 1990, 1997, 2000
down: 3: 1995, 1999, 2005
Ballymena (United) [5 moves]
up: 3: 1928, 1997, 2003
down: 2: 1995, 2001
(Lisburn) Distillery [5 moves]
up: 2: Foun, 1999, 2002
down: 3: 1995, 2000, 2013
Portadown [5 moves]
up: 3: 1924, 2009, 2020
down: 2: 2008, 2017
NB: Larne and Newry Town did not reappear in the league after World War II but were
not relegated at the end of the 1939/40 season.
Since 1962. IK Start [20 moves] up: 10: 1968, 1972, 1988, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2019 down: 10: 1969, 1987, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2007, 2011, 2016, 2018, 2020 Hamarkameratene [17 moves] up: 9: 1969, 1975, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1991, 2003, 2007, 2021 down: 8: 1974, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1995, 2006, 2008 Sogndal IL [16 moves] up: 8: 1981, 1987, 1990, 1993, 1996, 2000, 2010, 2015 down: 8: 1982, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2004, 2014, 2017 Mjřndalen IF [14 moves] up: 7: 1971, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1991, 2014, 2018 down: 7: 1977, 1979, 1983, 1987, 1992, 2015, 2021 SK Brann [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1967, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1986, 2015 down: 7: 1964, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1985, 2014, 2021 FC Lyn Oslo (SFK Lyn) [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1970, 1977, 1979, 1990, 1996, 2000 down: 7: 1969, 1973, 1978, 1981, 1993, 1997, 2009 Fredrikstad FK [11 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1974, 1979, 1983, 2003, 2010 down: 6: 1973, 1976, 1982, 1984, 2009, 2012 Molde FK [11 moves] up: 6: 1973, 1979, 1981, 1983, 1994, 2007 down: 5: 1978, 1980, 1982, 1993, 2006 Strřmsgodset IF [11 moves] up: 6: 1966, 1989, 1993, 1995, 2000, 2006 down: 5: 1976, 1991, 1994, 1999, 2001 Vålerenga F (Vålerengen IF, VIF Fotball) [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1973, 1976, 1993, 1997, 2001 down: 5: 1968, 1975, 1990, 1996, 2000
Since 1927. Cracovia [17 moves] up: 9: 1927, 1936, 1957, 1960, 1966, 1969, 1982, 2004, 2013 down: 8: 1935, 1954, 1959, 1962, 1967, 1970, 1984, 2012 Pogon Szczecin [15 moves] up: 8: 1958, 1962, 1966, 1981, 1992, 1997, 2004, 2012 down: 7: 1960, 1965, 1979, 1989, 1996, 2003, 2007 Gwardia Warszawa [12 moves] up: 6: 1952, 1961, 1967, 1969, 1978, 1981 down: 6: 1960, 1966, 1968, 1975, 1979, 1983 LKS Lódz [12 moves] up: 6: 1947, 1953, 1971, 2006, 2011, 2019 down: 6: 1952, 1968, 2000, 2009, 2012, 2020 Odra Opole [12 moves] up: 6: 1952, 1955, 1959, 1967, 1971, 1976 down: 6: 1953, 1958, 1966, 1970, 1974, 1981 Polonia Bytom [12 moves] up: 6: 1947, 1950, 1956, 1977, 1986, 2007 down: 6: 1949, 1955, 1976, 1980, 1987, 2011 Zawisza Bydgoszcz [12 moves] up: 6: 1960, 1964, 1977, 1979, 1989, 2013 down: 6: 1961, 1967, 1978, 1981, 1994, 2015 Arka Gdynia [10 moves] up: 5: 1974, 1976, 2005, 2008, 2016 down: 5: 1975, 1982, 2007, 2011, 2020 Szombierki Bytom [10 moves] up: 5: 1948, 1963, 1973, 1987, 1992 down: 5: 1950, 1972, 1984, 1989, 1993 Widzew Lódz [10 moves] up: 5: 1947, 1975, 1991, 2006, 2010 down: 5: 1948, 1990, 2004, 2008, 2014 Zaglebie Sosnowiec [10 moves] up: 5: 1954, 1959, 1989, 2007, 2018 down: 5: 1958, 1986, 1992, 2008, 2019
Since 1938; no proper promotion or relegation until 1948. Beira-Mar [20 moves] up: 10: 1961, 1965, 1971, 1975, 1978, 1988, 1998, 2000, 2006, 2010 down: 10: 1962, 1967, 1974, 1977, 1980, 1995, 1999, 2005, 2007, 2013 Vitória FC (Setúbal) [15 moves] up: 7: 1943, 1952, 1962, 1987, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004 down: 8: 1951, 1960, 1986, 1991, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2020 Barreirense [14 moves] up: 7: 1951, 1960, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1969, 1978 down: 7: 1959, 1961, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1974, 1979 Académica Coimbra [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1949, 1973, 1980, 1984, 1997, 2002 down: 7: 1948, 1972, 1979, 1981, 1988, 1999, 2016 Espinho [12 moves] up: 6: 1974, 1977, 1979, 1987, 1992, 1996 down: 6: 1975, 1978, 1984, 1989, 1993, 1997 Estoril-Praia [12 moves] up: 6: 1946, 1975, 1980, 1991, 2004, 2012, 2021 down: 6: 1953, 1979, 1984, 1994, 2005, 2018 Rio Ave [12 moves] up: 6: 1979, 1981, 1986, 1996, 2003, 2008 down: 6: 1980, 1985, 1988, 2000, 2006, 2021 Varzim [12 moves] up: 6: 1963, 1976, 1982, 1986, 1997, 2001 down: 6: 1971, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1998, 2003 Atlético CP [11 moves] up: 5: 1945, 1959, 1966, 1968, 1971, 1974 down: 6: 1957, 1963, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1977 Farense [10 moves] up: 5: 1970, 1983, 1986, 1990, 2020 down: 5: 1976, 1985, 1989, 2002, 2021 Feirense [10 moves] up: 5: 1962, 1977, 1989, 2011, 2016 down: 5: 1963, 1978, 1990, 2012, 2019 Penafiel [10 moves] up: 5: 1980, 1983, 1987, 2004, 2014 down: 5: 1982, 1986, 1992, 2006, 2015 Salgueiros [10 moves] up: 5: 1951, 1957, 1960, 1982, 1990 down: 5: 1952, 1958, 1962, 1988, 2002 Tirsense [10 moves] up: 5: 1967, 1970, 1989, 1992, 1994 down: 5: 1968, 1972, 1991, 1993, 1996 União Leiria [10 moves] up: 5: 1979, 1981, 1994, 1998, 2009 down: 5: 1980, 1982, 1997, 2008, 2012
Since 1934.
Politehnica Timisoara (CSU, Stiinta) [18 moves]
up: 9: 1948, 1952, 1960, 1965, 1973, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1995
down: 9: 1951, 1959, 1964, 1967, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1994, 1997
NB: not related to current side ACS Poli Timisoara (formerly ACS Recas) or to
Poli AEK Timisoara, who earned promotion 2002 as AEK Bucuresti and were
then relocated.
Petrolul Ploiesti (Juventus Bucuresti etc.) [17 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1946, 1953, 1977, 1982, 1985, 1989, 2003, 2011
down: 9: 1940, 1952, 1974, 1978, 1984, 1988, 2002, 2004, 2016
Universitatea Cluj (Stiinta) [17 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1940, 1950, 1958, 1979, 1985, 1992, 2007, 2010
down: 9: 1938, 1949, 1956, 1976, 1982, 1991, 1999, 2008, 2015
Jiul Petrosani [16 moves]
up: 8: 1937, 1946, 1961, 1966, 1986, 1989, 1996, 2005
down: 8: 1938, 1960, 1962, 1985, 1987, 1991, 1998, 2007
Bihor Oradea [14 moves]
up: 7: 1963, 1968, 1971, 1975, 1982, 1988, 2003
down: 7: 1966, 1970, 1972, 1979, 1986, 1991, 2004
Politehnica Iasi (Poli Unirea) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1960, 1962, 1968, 1973, 1982, 1995, 2004
down: 7: 1961, 1967, 1972, 1981, 1985, 1996, 2010
NB: not related to current side CSMS Iasi (a merger of Tricolorul Breaza and
Navobi Iasi; 4 moves between 2012 and 2021).
Rapid Bucuresti (CFR, Locomotiva) [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1952, 1955, 1975, 1983, 1990, 2014, 2021
down: 7: 1951, 1954, 1974, 1977, 1989, 2013, 2015
FCM Brasov (Steagul rosu) [12 moves]
up: 6: 1956, 1969, 1980, 1984, 1999, 2008
down: 6: 1968, 1975, 1983, 1997, 2005, 2015
UTA Arad (IT Arad, Flamura rosie) [11 moves]
up: 6: 1946, 1981, 1993, 2002, 2006, 2020
down: 5: 1979, 1982, 1995, 2003, 2008
NB: UT Arad was dissolved in 2014; the current team with this name was
founded 2013 and is officially considered its successor.
Farul Constanta (FC Constanta) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1958, 1962, 1981, 1988, 2001, 2021
down: 5: 1961, 1978, 1983, 2000, 2009
NB: in 2021 Farul absorbed top level side Viitorul Constanta to return
to the top level.
Since 1992. Kuban Krasnodar [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2010 down: 5: 1992, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2016 Shinnik Yaroslavl [7 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1996, 2001, 2007 down: 4: 1992, 1999, 2006, 2008 Anzhi Makhachkala [6 moves] up: 3: 1999, 2009, 2015 down: 3: 2002, 2014, 2019 Krylya Sovetov Samara [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 2015, 2018, 2021 down: 3: 2014, 2017, 2020 Tom Tomsk [6 moves] up: 3: 2004, 2013, 2016 down: 3: 2012, 2014, 2017 Alania Vladikavkaz (Spartak) [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 2009, 2012 down: 3: 2005, 2010, 2013 Fakel Voronezh [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 1996, 1999 down: 3: 1992, 1997, 2001 FK Tyumen (Dinamo-Gazovik Tyumen) [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 1993, 1996 down: 3: 1992, 1995, 1998 NB: also considering moves in the Soviet Union, we obtain the following records: Krylya Sovetov Samara [17 moves] up: 9: 1945, 1956, 1961, 1975, 1978, 1991, 2015, 2018, 2021 down: 8: 1955, 1960, 1969, 1977, 1979, 2014, 2017, 2020 Lokomotiv Moskva [13 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1947, 1951, 1964, 1971, 1974, 1987, 1990 down: 6: 1945, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1972, 1980, 1989 Kuban Krasnodar [12 moves] up: 6: 1979, 1991, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2010 down: 6: 1982, 1992, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2016 Fakel Voronezh [10 moves] up: 5: 1960, 1984, 1991, 1996, 1999 down: 5: 1961, 1985, 1992, 1997, 2001 Shinnik Yaroslavl [10 moves] up: 5: 1963, 1991, 1996, 2001, 2007 down: 5: 1964, 1992, 1999, 2006, 2008
Since 1890.
Dunfermline Athletic [20 moves]
up: 10: 1926, 1934, 1955, 1958, 1973, 1987, 1989, 1996, 2000, 2011
down: 10: 1928, 1937, 1957, 1972, 1975, 1988, 1992, 1999, 2007, 2012
Greenock Morton (Morton) [20 moves]
up: 10: 1900, 1929, 1937, 1946, 1950, 1964, 1967, 1978, 1984, 1987
down: 10: 1927, 1933, 1938, 1949, 1952, 1966, 1975, 1983, 1985, 1988
Clyde [18 moves]
up: 9: 1892, 1894, 1906, 1926, 1952, 1957, 1962, 1964, 1973
down: 9: 1893, 1900, 1924, 1951, 1956, 1961, 1963, 1972, 1975
Falkirk [18 moves]
up: 9: 1905, 1936, 1952, 1961, 1970, 1986, 1991, 1994, 2005
down: 9: 1935, 1951, 1959, 1969, 1974, 1988, 1993, 1996, 2010
Dundee [17 moves]
up: 9: 1893, 1947, 1979, 1981, 1992, 1998, 2012, 2014, 2021
down: 8: 1938, 1976, 1980, 1990, 1994, 2005, 2013, 2019
Airdrieonians [16 moves]
up: 8: 1903, 1947, 1950, 1955, 1966, 1974, 1980, 1991
down: 8: 1936, 1948, 1954, 1965, 1973, 1975, 1982, 1993
NB: club were dissolved in 2002; the current Airdrieonians side (called
Airdrie United until 2013) took the place of Clydebank in Division 2
(3rd level) 2002/03.
Partick Thistle [16 moves]
up: 8: 1897, 1900, 1902, 1971, 1976, 1992, 2002, 2013
down: 8: 1899, 1901, 1970, 1975, 1982, 1996, 2004, 2018
Saint Johnstone [15 moves]
up: 8: 1924, 1932, 1960, 1963, 1983, 1990, 1997, 2009
down: 7: 1930, 1946, 1962, 1976, 1984, 1994, 2002
Ayr United [14 moves]
up: 7: 1913, 1928, 1937, 1956, 1959, 1966, 1969
down: 7: 1925, 1936, 1939, 1957, 1961, 1967, 1978
Hamilton Academical(s) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1906, 1953, 1965, 1986, 1988, 2008, 2014
down: 7: 1947, 1954, 1966, 1987, 1989, 2011, 2021
Kilmarnock [14 moves]
up: 7: 1899, 1954, 1974, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1993
down: 7: 1947, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1983, 2021
Raith Rovers [14 moves]
up: 7: 1910, 1927, 1938, 1949, 1967, 1993, 1995
down: 7: 1926, 1929, 1939, 1963, 1970, 1994, 1997
Saint Mirren [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1936, 1968, 1977, 2000, 2006, 2018
down: 6: 1935, 1967, 1971, 1992, 2001, 2015
Stirling Albion [12 moves]
up: 6: 1949, 1951, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1965
down: 6: 1950, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1962, 1968
Dundee United [11 moves]
up: 6: 1925, 1929, 1931, 1960, 1996, 2020
down: 5: 1927, 1930, 1932, 1995, 2016
Heart of Midlothian [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1978, 1980, 1983, 2015, 2021
down: 5: 1977, 1979, 1981, 2014, 2020
NB: Dundee and Raith Rovers did not play in the league in the 1917/18
and 1918/19 seasons due to war-time transportation difficulties
but (like Aberdeen) retained full membership;
there were two separate clubs called Clydebank part of the league
at different eras, the first making 6 moves (3 up, 3 down) in and
out of the first level between 1914 and 1931 and the second making
4 such moves (2 up, 2 down) between 1966 and 2002 (when their
franchise was sold to newly formed Airdrie United).
Since 1991, after the Croatian and Slovenian clubs had left the Yugoslav league;
note that the clubs from Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia still were part of the
league structure in 1991/92 while Montenegro only started a separate league in 2006.
Does not include moves between divisions 1/A and 1/B during the seasons from 1993/94
to 1995/96, as all 20 clubs starting those seasons in either of them theoretically
could win the title and thus should be considered a top level club.
Napredak Krusevac [11 moves]
up: 6: 1992, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2013, 2016
down: 5: 1996, 2001, 2004, 2010, 2015
NB: in addition, Napredak were relegated from Division 1/A to 1/B at the halfway
stage of both the 1993/94 and 1994/95 seasons, only to be promoted back to
1/A at the end of both seasons.
Javor Ivanjica (Habitfarm) [10 moves]
up: 5: 2002, 2005, 2008, 2015, 2019
down: 5: 2003, 2006, 2014, 2018, 2021
Cukaricki [9 moves]
up: 5: 1995, 1999, 2004, 2007, 2013
down: 4: 1998, 2003, 2005, 2011
Borac Cacak [8 moves]
up: 4: 1994, 1999, 2003, 2014
down: 4: 1997, 2000, 2012, 2018
NB: in addition, Borac were promoted from Division 1/B to 1/A at the halfway stage
of the 1994/95 season, only to be relegated back to 1/B at the end.
Mladost Lucani [7 moves]
up: 4: 1995, 2001, 2007, 2014
down: 3: 1998, 2002, 2008
NB: withdrew at end of 2007/08 season; would not have been relegated.
Mogren Budva [6 moves] [now Montenegro]
up: 3: 1992, 1998, 2002
down: 3: 1994, 2000, 2003
Radnicki Nis [6 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 1998, 2002, 2012
down: 3: 1996, 2001, 2003
NB: in addition, Radnicki were relegated from Division 1/A to 1/B at the halfway
stage of both the 1993/94 and 1994/95 seasons, only to be promoted back to
1/A at the end of both seasons.
NB: also considering moves in Yugoslavia, we obtain the following records:
Napredak Krusevac [19 moves]
up: 10: 1950, 1976, 1978, 1988, 1992, 2000, 2003, 2007, 2013, 2016
down: 9: 1951, 1977, 1981, 1989, 1996, 2001, 2004, 2010, 2015
NB: in addition, Napredak were relegated from Division 1/A to 1/B at the halfway
stage of both the 1993/94 and 1994/95 seasons, only to be promoted back to
1/A at the end of both seasons.
Spartak Subotica [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1949, 1952, 1972, 1986, 1988, 1998, 2009
down: 7: 1948, 1951, 1958, 1973, 1987, 1995, 2000
NB: in addition, Spartak were promoted from Division 1/B to 1/A at the halfway
stage of the 1993/94 season and relegated back to 1/B at the halfway stage
of the 1994/95 season.
OFK (BSK) Beograd [12 moves]
up: 6: 1949, 1959, 1980, 1985, 1991, 1998
down: 6: 1958, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1996, 2016
NB: in addition, OFK were promoted from Division 1/B to 1/A at the halfway
stage of the 1993/94 season and relegated back to 1/B at the halfway stage
of the 1995/96 season.
Sutjeska Niksic [12 moves]
up: 6: 1964, 1966, 1971, 1984, 1991, 1999
down: 6: 1965, 1967, 1973, 1988, 1995, 2005
NB: Sutjeska now play in Montenegro.
Buducnost Titograd [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1948, 1955, 1962, 1975, 2004
down: 5: 1947, 1950, 1960, 1963, 2001
NB: Buducnost were relegated in 2006, but as a seperate league for Montenegro
was formed, that relegation did not become effective.
Radnicki Kragujevac [9 moves]
up: 5: 1969, 1974, 1998, 2011, 2021
down: 4: 1972, 1976, 2002, 2015
Radnicki Nis [9 moves]
up: 5: 1962, 1986, 1998, 2002, 2012
down: 4: 1985, 1996, 2001, 2003
NB: in addition, Radnicki were relegated from Division 1/A to 1/B at the halfway
stage of both the 1993/94 and 1994/95 seasons, only to be promoted back to
1/A at the end of both seasons.
Since 1993. Nitra [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2017 down: 5: 1994, 1997, 2000, 2014, 2021 Dubnica [6 moves] up: 3: 1996, 1998, 2001 down: 3: 1997, 2000, 2011 DAC Dunajská Streda [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1999, 2008, 2013 down: 3: 1998, 2000, 2012 NB: "promotion" 2008 by acquiring Senec. Tatran Presov [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 2008, 2016 down: 3: 2002, 2013, 2018 NB: also considering moves in Czechoslovakia, we obtain the following records: Nitra (Slovan, Plastika) [18 moves] up: 9: 1959, 1971, 1979, 1986, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2005, 2017 down: 9: 1963, 1975, 1984, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2000, 2014, 2021 Tatran Presov (Slavia, Dukla) [16 moves] up: 8: 1938, 1949, 1969, 1977, 1980, 1990, 2008, 2016 down: 8: 1944, 1966, 1974, 1979, 1988, 2002, 2013, 2018 SK Zilina (ZVL) [15 moves] up: 6: 1938, 1953, 1958, 1961, 1966, 1982, 1993, 1996 down: 6: 1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1978, 1988, 1995 Spartak Trnava (Rapid) [13 moves] up: 7: 1938, 1947, 1951, 1954, 1964, 1991, 2002 down: 6: 1946, 1950, 1952, 1962, 1990, 2001 1.FC Kosice (Spartak VSS, Jednota ZTS) [12 moves] up: 6: 1955, 1958, 1963, 1978, 1993, 2006 down: 6: 1956, 1960, 1977, 1981, 2003, 2015 Trencin (TTS, Jednota) [11 moves] up: 6: 1938, 1960, 1962, 1975, 1997, 2011 down: 5: 1944, 1961, 1972, 1980, 2008
Since 1991. Triglav Kranj [9 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1998, 2001, 2010, 2017 down: 5: 1995, 1999, 2002, 2014, 2020 Koper [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2020 down: 4: 1995, 1997, 1999, 2017
Since 1936. The last Soviet league season was held in 1991;
here only clubs with at least 8 moves until 1991 are listed;
for further records since 1992 see the entries on Russia and Ukraine
(other successor states will follow).
Lokomotiv Moskva [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1947, 1951, 1964, 1971, 1974, 1987, 1990
down: 7: 1945, 1950, 1963, 1969, 1972, 1980, 1989, 1991
NB: relegation in 1991 not effective due to CIS break-up;
Lokomotiv now play in Russia, where they have never been relegated.
Dynamo Minsk [13 moves]
up: 7: 1944, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1962, 1975, 1978
down: 6: 1950, 1952, 1955, 1957, 1973, 1976
NB: Dynamo now play in Belarus, where they have never been relegated.
Kairat Alma Ata [10 moves]
up: 5: 1945, 1956, 1961, 1975, 1978
down: 5: 1955, 1960, 1969, 1977, 1979
NB: Kairat now play in Kazakhstan, where they have never been relegated but were
excluded from the top level for the 2009 season for financial reasons; they
returned after one season.
Krylya Sovetov Samara [10 moves]
up: 5: 1945, 1956, 1961, 1975, 1978
down: 5: 1955, 1960, 1969, 1977, 1979
NB: Krylya Sovetov now play in Russia, where they moved 6 more times.
Pakhtakor Tashkent [9 moves]
up: 5: 1959, 1964, 1972, 1977, 1990
down: 4: 1963, 1971, 1975, 1984
NB: Pakhtakor now play in Uzbekistan, where they have never been relegated.
SKA Rostov-na-Donu [8 moves]
up: 4: 1958, 1974, 1978, 1983
down: 4: 1973, 1975, 1981, 1985
NB: SKA now play in Russia, where they did not return to the top level.
Since 1928.
Real Betis Balompié (Sevilla) [23 moves]
up: 12: 1932, 1942, 1958, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1979, 1990, 1994, 2001, 2011, 2015
down: 11: 1940, 1943, 1966, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1989, 1991, 2000, 2009, 2014
RC Deportivo (La Coruńa) [22 moves]
up: 11: 1941, 1946, 1948, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1971, 1991, 2012, 2014
down: 10: 1945, 1947, 1957, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1973, 2011, 2013, 2018
CD Málaga [22 moves]
up: 11: 1949, 1952, 1954, 1962, 1965, 1967, 1970, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1988
down: 11: 1951, 1953, 1955, 1963, 1966, 1969, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1985, 1990
NB: club dissolved and not related to Málaga CF, promoted 1999 and 2010 and
relegated 2006 and 2018.
Real Murcia [22 moves]
up: 11: 1940, 1944, 1950, 1955, 1963, 1973, 1980, 1983, 1986, 2003, 2007
down: 11: 1941, 1947, 1951, 1956, 1965, 1975, 1981, 1985, 1989, 2004, 2008
RC Celta (Vigo) [21 moves]
up: 11: 1939, 1945, 1969, 1976, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1992, 2005, 2012
down: 10: 1944, 1959, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1990, 2004, 2007
Real CD Mallorca [17 moves]
up: 9: 1960, 1965, 1969, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1997, 2019, 2021
down: 8: 1963, 1966, 1970, 1984, 1988, 1992, 2013, 2020
Racing de Santander [17 moves]
up: 8: Foun, 1950, 1960, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1984, 1993, 2002
down: 9: 1940, 1955, 1962, 1974, 1979, 1983, 1987, 2001, 2012
Hércules CF (Alicante) [16 moves]
up: 8: 1935, 1945, 1954, 1966, 1974, 1984, 1996, 2010
down: 8: 1942, 1946, 1956, 1967, 1982, 1986, 1997, 2011
Real Valladolid [16 moves]
up: 8: 1948, 1959, 1962, 1980, 1993, 2007, 2012, 2018
down: 8: 1958, 1961, 1964, 1992, 2004, 2010, 2014, 2021
Real CD Zaragoza [16 moves]
up: 8: 1939, 1942, 1951, 1956, 1972, 1978, 2003, 2009
down: 8: 1941, 1943, 1953, 1971, 1977, 2002, 2008, 2013
CA Osasuna (Pamplona) [15 moves]
up: 8: 1935, 1953, 1956, 1961, 1980, 2000, 2016, 2019
down: 7: 1936, 1954, 1960, 1963, 1994, 2014, 2017
Rayo Vallecano (Madrid) [15 moves]
up: 8: 1977, 1989, 1992, 1995, 1999, 2011, 2018, 2021
down: 7: 1980, 1990, 1994, 1997, 2003, 2016, 2019
R Sporting de Gijón [14 moves]
up: 7: 1944, 1951, 1957, 1970, 1977, 2008, 2015
down: 7: 1948, 1954, 1959, 1976, 1998, 2012, 2017
UD Las Palmas [12 moves]
up: 6: 1951, 1954, 1964, 1985, 2000, 2015
down: 6: 1952, 1960, 1983, 1988, 2002, 2018
Real Oviedo [12 moves]
up: 6: 1933, 1952, 1958, 1972, 1975, 1988
down: 6: 1950, 1954, 1965, 1974, 1976, 2001
NB: were inactive 1939/40 but kept their top flight place
Real Sociedad (San Sebastián) [12 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1949, 1967, 2010
down: 6: 1935, 1942, 1944, 1948, 1962, 2007
Cádiz CF [11 moves]
up: 6: 1977, 1981, 1983, 1985, 2005, 2020
down: 5: 1978, 1982, 1984, 1993, 2006
Elche CF [11 moves]
up: 6: 1959, 1973, 1984, 1988, 2013, 2020
down: 5: 1971, 1978, 1985, 1989, 2015
Granada CF [11 moves]
up: 6: 1941, 1957, 1966, 1968, 2011, 2019
down: 5: 1945, 1961, 1967, 1976, 2017
RCD Espanyol [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1963, 1970, 1990, 1994, 2021
down: 5: 1962, 1969, 1989, 1993, 2020
NB: Espanyol were relegated on five occasions and returned at the first
time of asking each time
Since 1924. Halmstads BK [22 moves] up: 11: 1933, 1942, 1947, 1954, 1971, 1973, 1988, 1992, 2012, 2016, 2020 down: 11: 1936, 1946, 1948, 1959, 1972, 1987, 1991, 2011, 2015, 2017, 2021 Hammarby IF [20 moves] up: 10: Foun, 1939, 1954, 1958, 1964, 1966, 1969, 1989, 1993, 1997, 2014 down: 10: 1925, 1940, 1957, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1988, 1990, 1995, 2009 Djurgĺrdens IF [19 moves] up: 10: 1927, 1936, 1945, 1949, 1961, 1985, 1987, 1994, 1998, 2000 down: 9: 1928, 1937, 1948, 1960, 1981, 1986, 1992, 1996, 1999 GAIS [17 moves] up: 8: Foun, 1941, 1956, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1987, 1999, 2005 down: 9: 1938, 1955, 1959, 1964, 1970, 1975, 1992, 2000, 2012 GIF Sundsvall [17 moves] up: 9: 1964, 1974, 1986, 1990, 1999, 2007, 2011, 2014, 2021 down: 8: 1965, 1975, 1989, 1991, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2019 Örgryte IS [15 moves] up: 7: Foun, 1958, 1969, 1974, 1980, 1992, 1994, 2008 down: 8: 1940, 1968, 1973, 1976, 1990, 1993, 2006, 2009 Örebro SK [14 moves] up: 7: 1946, 1948, 1950, 1960, 1988, 2006, 2013 down: 7: 1947, 1949, 1953, 1978, 2004, 2012, 2021 Kalmar FF [13 moves] up: 7: 1949, 1953, 1975, 1983, 1998, 2001, 2003 down: 6: 1951, 1955, 1982, 1986, 1999, 2002 Landskrona BoIS [13 moves] up: 6: Foun, 1934, 1944, 1948, 1970, 1993, 2001 down: 7: 1934, 1942, 1945, 1949, 1980, 1994, 2005 BK Häcken [11 moves] up: 6: 1982, 1992, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2008 down: 5: 1983, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2006 Ĺtvidabergs FF [10 moves] up: 5: 1951, 1967, 1977, 2009, 2011 down: 5: 1952, 1976, 1982, 2010, 2015 IK Brage [10 moves] up: 5: 1937, 1943, 1965, 1979, 1992 down: 5: 1941, 1944, 1966, 1990, 1993 Jönköping Södra IF [10 moves] up: 5: 1945, 1947, 1959, 1968, 2015 down: 5: 1946, 1954, 1960, 1969, 2017 IFK Norrköping [10 moves] up: 5: Foun, 1935, 1940, 1983, 2007, 2010 down: 5: 1930, 1937, 1982, 2002, 2008 Östers IF (Växjö) [10 moves] up: 5: 1967, 1989, 2002, 2005, 2012 down: 5: 1988, 1998, 2003, 2006, 2013 Trelleborgs FF [10 moves] up: 5: 1984, 1991, 2003, 2006, 2017 down: 5: 1985, 2001, 2004, 2011, 2018
Since 1933.
FC Luzern [17 moves]
up: 9: 1936, 1953, 1958, 1967, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1993, 2006
down: 8: 1944, 1955, 1966, 1969, 1972, 1975, 1992, 2003
FC Sankt Gallen [15 moves]
up: 8: 1935, 1939, 1949, 1968, 1971, 1994, 2009, 2012
down: 7: 1937, 1945, 1950, 1970, 1993, 2008, 2011
AC Bellinzona [14 moves]
up: 7: 1944, 1964, 1967, 1976, 1980, 1986, 2008
down: 7: 1960, 1965, 1971, 1977, 1984, 1990, 2011
FC Lugano [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1954, 1961, 1964, 1979, 1988, 1998, 2015
down: 7: 1953, 1960, 1963, 1976, 1980, 1997, 2002
NB: 2002 relegation due to refusal of professional license; FC Lugano went bankrupt
in 2003 upon which a new club called AC Lugano was founded, which reverted to
the original name in 2008.
FC La Chaux-de-Fonds [13 moves]
up: 6: Foun, 1938, 1943, 1947, 1975, 1979, 1983
down: 7: 1937, 1942, 1946, 1974, 1976, 1980, 1987
FC Chiasso [12 moves]
up: 6: 1948, 1962, 1972, 1978, 1983, 1992
down: 6: 1961, 1965, 1974, 1982, 1984, 1993
FC Winterthur [12 moves]
up: 6: 1956, 1959, 1966, 1968, 1982, 1984
down: 6: 1958, 1961, 1967, 1977, 1983, 1985
FC Grenchen [10 moves]
up: 5: 1937, 1952, 1957, 1971, 1985
down: 5: 1951, 1956, 1968, 1973, 1986
FC Zürich [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1941, 1947, 1958, 1990, 2017
down: 5: 1934, 1946, 1957, 1988, 2016
Since 1959.
Samsunspor [14 moves]
up: 7: 1969, 1976, 1982, 1985, 1991, 1993, 2011
down: 7: 1975, 1979, 1983, 1990, 1992, 2006, 2012
Kayserispor [13 moves]
up: 7: 1973, 1979, 1985, 1992, 1997, 2004, 2015
down: 6: 1975, 1980, 1986, 1996, 1998, 2014
NB: Kayserispor were actually not promoted in 2004, having finished only sixth
in the second division; instead local rivals Erciyesspor went up as second
level runners-up, but they swapped places; the secondary club were promoted
one season later under the name Kayseri Erciyesspor but went down again in
2007.
Mersin Idmanyurdu SK [12 moves]
up: 6: 1967, 1976, 1980, 1982, 2011, 2014
down: 6: 1974, 1978, 1981, 1983, 2013, 2016
Adana Demirspor [11 moves]
up: 6: 1960, 1973, 1987, 1991, 1994, 2021
down: 5: 1961, 1984, 1990, 1992, 1995
Antalyaspor [11 moves]
up: 6: 1982, 1986, 1994, 2006, 2008, 2015
down: 5: 1985, 1987, 2002, 2007, 2014
Karsiyaka (Izmir) [11 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1966, 1970, 1987, 1992, 1995
down: 6: 1964, 1967, 1972, 1991, 1994, 1996
Rizespor [11 moves]
up: 6: 1979, 1985, 2000, 2003, 2013, 2018
down: 5: 1981, 1989, 2002, 2008, 2017
Adanaspor [10 moves]
up: 5: 1971, 1988, 1998, 2002, 2016
down: 5: 1984, 1991, 2001, 2004, 2017
Diyarbakirspor [10 moves]
up: 5: 1977, 1981, 1986, 2001, 2009
down: 5: 1980, 1982, 1987, 2006, 2010
Göztepe SK (Izmir) [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1978, 1981, 1999, 2001, 2017
down: 5: 1977, 1980, 1982, 2000, 2003
Sakaryaspor (Adapazari) [10 moves]
up: 5: 1981, 1987, 1998, 2003, 2006
down: 5: 1986, 1990, 1999, 2004, 2007
Sekerspor (Ankara) [10 moves] (includes Seker Hilalspor)
up: 5: 1959, 1964, 1967, 1972, 1997
down: 5: 1963, 1966, 1969, 1973, 1998
Since 1992. Hoverla (Zakarpattya) Uzhhorod [10 moves] up: 5: 2001, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2012 down: 5: 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 Chornomorets Odesa [8 moves] up: 4: Foun, 1999, 2002, 2011, 2021 down: 4: 1998, 2000, 2010, 2019 Metalist Kharkiv [6 moves] up: 3: Foun, 1998, 2004, 2021 down: 3: 1994, 2003, 2016 Zirka Kropyvnytskyi (Kirovohrad) [6 moves] up: 3: 1995, 2003, 2016 down: 3: 2000, 2004, 2018 FK (Metalurh) Mariupil [5 moves] up: 3: 1997, 2008, 2017 down: 2: 2007, 2015 MFK (Evis, SK) Mikolajiv [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 1994, 1998 down: 3: 1992, 1996, 1999 FK (Polihraftehnika) Olexandria [5 moves] up: 3: 2001, 2011, 2015 down: 2: 2003, 2012 Veres Rivne [5 moves] up: 3: 1992, 2017, 2021 down: 2: 1995, 2018 NB: Veres "merged" with FK Lviv in 2018, ceding their top level status. Volyn Lutsk [5 moves] up: 2: Foun, 2002, 2010 down: 3: 1996, 2006, 2017 NB: also considering moves in the Soviet Union, we obtain the following records: Chornomorets Odesa [15 moves] up: 8: 1937, 1964, 1973, 1987, 1999, 2002, 2011, 2021 down: 7: 1939, 1970, 1986, 1998, 2000, 2010, 2019 Metalist Kharkiv [13 moves] up: 7: 1948, 1952, 1959, 1981, 1998, 2004, 2021 down: 6: 1950, 1954, 1963, 1994, 2003, 2016 Hoverla (Zakarpattya) Uzhhorod [10 moves] up: 5: 2001, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2012 down: 5: 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016 Shakhtar Donetsk [7 moves] up: 4: 1937, 1948, 1954, 1972 down: 3: 1940, 1952, 1971
Since 1900.
Sud América [20 moves]
up: 10: 1926, 1930, 1951, 1954, 1957, 1963, 1975, 1994, 2013, 2020
down: 10: 1928, 1945, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1972, 1985, 1996, 2017, 2021
Central Español (Central) [18 moves]
up: 9: 1908, 1928, 1961, 1970, 1983, 1993, 2000, 2005, 2012
down: 9: 1927, 1953, 1962, 1973, 1992, 1996, 2004, 2011, 2013
NB: Central left the league in 1922, together with Peńarol, because of a conflict
on amateurism.
Racing [18 moves]
up: 9: 1923, 1930, 1956, 1958, 1974, 1989, 1996, 1999, 2008
down: 9: 1928, 1944, 1957, 1971, 1975, 1993, 1997, 2002, 2019
Fénix [17 moves]
up: 9: 1922, 1956, 1959, 1973, 1977, 1985, 2000, 2007, 2009
down: 8: 1924, 1958, 1967, 1976, 1981, 1986, 2005, 2008
Bella Vista [14 moves]
up: 7: 1922, 1949, 1968, 1976, 1997, 2005, 2010
down: 7: 1941, 1950, 1974, 1994, 2004, 2009, 2013
Miramar Misiones (Miramar) [14 moves]
up: 7: 1942, 1953, 1979, 1986, 2002, 2010, 2013
down: 7: 1947, 1954, 1984, 1988, 2008, 2011, 2014
NB: does not include entry in rebel league 1923.
Rampla Juniors [14 moves]
up: 7: 1921, 1944, 1980, 1992, 2004, 2014, 2016
down: 7: 1943, 1970, 1987, 1999, 2012, 2015, 2019
Liverpool [13 moves]
up: 7: 1919, 1937, 1966, 1980, 1987, 2002, 2015
down: 6: 1929, 1963, 1979, 1982, 2000, 2014
Rentistas [13 moves]
up: 7: 1971, 1988, 1996, 2003, 2011, 2013, 2019
down: 6: 1980, 1992, 2001, 2007, 2012, 2016
CA River Plate [13 moves]
up: 7: 1931, 1943, 1967, 1978, 1984, 1991, 2004
down: 6: 1942, 1955, 1977, 1983, 1990, 2003
NB: does not include River Plate FC (1906-1920 and rebel league 1923).
Progreso [12 moves]
up: 6: 1945, 1979, 2001, 2006, 2012, 2017
down: 6: 1946, 1995, 2002, 2008, 2013, 2021
Villa Española [12 moves]
up: 6: 1997, 1999, 2001, 2008, 2016, 2020
down: 6: 1998, 2000, 2003, 2009, 2016, 2021
NB: promoted in 2015/16 and relegated after 2016 transitional season.
Since 1992.
Haverfordwest County [6 moves]
up: 3: Foun, 1997, 2015, 2020
down: 3: 1994, 2011, 2016
Afan Lido [5 moves]
up: 2: Foun, 1998, 2011
down: 3: 1996, 2005, 2014
Caernarfon Town [5 moves]
up: 3: 1995, 2001, 2018
down: 2: 2000, 2009
Cefn Druids [5 moves]
up: 3: 1999, 2014, 2016
down: 2: 2010, 2015
Llanelli [5 moves]
up: 2: Foun, 1999, 2004
down: 3: 1996, 2003, 2013
NB: Llanelli were liquidated in 2013; Llanelli Town (promoted 2018, relegated 2019)
are a new club.
Airbus UK Broughton [4 moves]
up: 2: 2004, 2019
down: 2: 2017, 2020
Prestatyn Town [4 moves]
up: 2: 2008, 2017
down: 2: 2015, 2018
Rhyl [4 moves]
up: 2: 1994, 2013
down: 2: 2010, 2017
Welshpool Town [4 moves]
up: 2: 1996, 2002
down: 2: 1998, 2010
Since 1946. The last Yugoslav league season was held in 1990/91;
here only clubs with at least 8 moves until 1991 are listed;
for further records since 1991 see the entries on Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, (North) Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia.
Vardar Skopje [14 moves]
up: 7: Foun, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1963, 1971, 1979, 1991
down: 7: 1948, 1955, 1959, 1962, 1970, 1976, 1990
NB: Vardar left the Yugoslav league after the 1991/92 season and now play in
(North) Macedonia.
Zagreb (Borac) [13 moves]
up: 7: 1950, 1954, 1964, 1973, 1976, 1980, 1991
down: 6: 1953, 1958, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1982
NB: Zagreb left the Yugoslav league after the 1990/91 season and now play in
Croatia, where they moved 3 more times.
Celik Zenica [10 moves]
up: 5: 1966, 1968, 1979, 1983, 1985
down: 5: 1967, 1978, 1980, 1984, 1989
NB: Celik left the Yugoslav league after the 1991/92 season and now play in
Bosnia-Herzegovina, where they moved once.
Spartak Subotica [10 moves]
up: 5: Foun, 1949, 1952, 1972, 1986, 1988
down: 5: 1948, 1951, 1958, 1973, 1987
NB: Spartak now play in Serbia, where they moved 4 more times.
Buducnost Titograd [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1948, 1955, 1962, 1975
down: 4: 1947, 1950, 1960, 1963
NB: Buducnost played in Serbia-Montenegro between 1992 and 2006, where they
moved 2 more times; they now play in Montenegro.
Napredak Krusevac [8 moves]
up: 4: 1950, 1976, 1978, 1988
down: 4: 1951, 1977, 1981, 1989
NB: Napredak now play in Serbia, where they moved 11 more times.
OFK (BSK) Beograd [8 moves]
up: 4: 1949, 1959, 1980, 1985
down: 4: 1958, 1979, 1983, 1986
NB: OFK now play in Serbia, where they moved 4 more times.
Sutjeska Niksic [8 moves]
up: 4: 1964, 1966, 1971, 1984
down: 4: 1965, 1967, 1973, 1988
NB: Sutjeska played in Serbia-Montenegro between 1992 and 2006, where they
moved 4 more times; they now play in Montenegro.
Zeljeznicar Sarajevo [8 moves]
up: 4: Foun, 1954, 1957, 1962, 1978
down: 4: 1947, 1956, 1959, 1977
NB: Zeljeznicar left the Yugoslav league after the 1991/92 season (in which
they would have been relegated) and now play in Bosnia-Herzegovina, where
they have never been relegated.
With thanks to Dale Arnett, Yaniv Bleicher, Diego Cervini, Mike Dryomin, Gualtier Maldč, Pawel Mogielnicki, Heikki Pietarinen, Ricardo Pontes, Razvan Toma and Andreas Werner for additions and corrections.
Prepared and maintained by Karel Stokkermans for the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
Author: Karel Stokkermans
(karel.rsssf@gmail.com
Last updated: 29 Dec 2021
(C) Copyright Karel Stokkermans and RSSSF 1996/2021
You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper
acknowledgement is given to the author. All rights reserved.